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BIOS Setup FAQ and BIOS Setup Guide

BIOS Setup FAQ: how to configure BIOS

Introduction

Basic input / output system (Basic Input Output System, BIOS) is written in a small flash memory chip on the motherboard. Most often, this memory is used for reading, but using special utilities and BIOS technologies, you can also overwrite it. During PC startup, the processor on the motherboard executes the BIOS program to initially check and initialize the hardware, after which it transfers control to the OS.

If the PC does not go through the boot process, if the system is too slow, Windows crashes, hardware crashes, then the reason may be incorrectly configured BIOS. In our article, we will show you how you can solve a particular problem with the help of a competent BIOS Setup.

The Basics section provides basic information about BIOS. In it you will learn what BIOS is, how to enter BIOS settings and deal with them. The "Key Settings" section contains information about the basic BIOS options that every user should know about. For advanced users we recommend that you go directly to the section "Fine-tuning the BIOS", where you can learn about using hidden settings, activation of new functions, bypassing bottlenecks, etc.

BIOS: Basics and Principles

When the computer starts, the BIOS "presents" the processor to the main components motherboard and tells the processor which program to run next after the BIOS completes. Typically, the BIOS transfers control to the boot sector of the drive, which can be a floppy disk, CD-ROM, DVD, or HDD... The boot sector starts the bootloader, which activates the main operating system, the same Windows or Linux.

The BIOS is not only responsible for the boot process. Many operating systems use the BIOS as an intermediary for accessing various hardware.

1. BIOS versions

Each motherboard uses its own version of the BIOS, specially designed for its hardware stuffing. The most common BIOS from the Phoenix Award comes in two flavors. In addition, some computers use the American Megatrends BIOS (AMI).

The BIOS menu structure and symbols used vary from one manufacturer to another. Even the BIOS menus for two consecutive motherboard models can differ to some extent. That is why we cannot give an accurate description of the BIOS options of every computer known to mankind. But don't despair. You can easily find the correspondence between the sections discussed below (based on the Phoenix Award BIOS) and the BIOS items of your PC. Don't be upset if you don't find some of the settings: this means that your PC's BIOS does not allow you to control these settings directly.

2. Exit to BIOS

During boot, when the BIOS checks the hardware components of the system, reads available memory and finds hard drives and other drives or devices, you can use a special key to enter the BIOS Setup program. It is often enough to press a key, but other options are also used, for example. Look carefully at the screen during boot: in most BIOSes, it displays a line like "F10 = Setup" closer to the bottom of the monitor. If all else fails, open the manual for the motherboard, where the magic combination should be indicated. Press the specified key (or combination) and hold for a second or two while the PC boots.

If it works, the BIOS will calculate the amount of available memory, after which the main BIOS menu will appear. If it didn’t work, then restart your computer and try using a different key combination. For example, many laptops exit the BIOS by pressing the or key. Sometimes keys work, or a combination like.

3. Change BIOS settings

BIOS setup: use the cursor to select the desired line and press "Enter".

To select a menu in the BIOS, use the cursor and use the arrows to move it to the desired item. Pressing the "Enter" key, you will go to the section or get the setting selection window (as in the illustration below). To change the specified setting, press the "plus" [+] or "minus" [-] keys, or another combination like and. From the main BIOS setup menu, you will be taken to various settings sections, which can be divided into their own subsections.

We open the subsection. Many options can be changed using the plus [+] and minus [-] keys, while others can be set using the drop-down menu.

Let me briefly walk through the sections of the main BIOS setup menu.

• In the "Main" or "Standard CMOS Setup" section, you can set the date and time, as well as parameters hard drives.
• The BIOS Features Setup section provides various general settings.
• The Integrated Peripherals section is responsible for interfaces and additional system functions.
• The Power Management Setup section allows you to configure all power and power options.
• In the "PnP / PCI Configurations" section, you can bind interrupts (IRQs) to your PC's expansion cards. If such functions are absent in the section, they can be found in the "Advanced" subsection.
• The "Hardware Monitor" section allows you to find out the values ​​of system sensors: processor temperature or fan speed (rpm). Usually, the rotational speeds of the processor and chassis fans are shown, but the parameters of the fan of the power supply or others may also be present here.
• The "Load Setup Defaults" item restores the BIOS defaults and removes any changes you may have made. This item will be useful if your actions led to any problems in the system.

4. Exit the BIOS Setup

To complete the BIOS setup, press the key, or select the "Save & Exit Setup" main menu item. Sometimes you first need to select the "Exit" item, and then specify the "Exit & Save Changes" option. Then the choice of saving the changes made is usually offered: "Yes" [Y] or "No" [N]. Select the required option and the computer will restart.

Key BIOS settings

Below we will show you how to change the sequence of selecting boot disks for a computer in the BIOS, turn on the PC by pressing a key or "click" a mouse, activate USB 2.0 support, and also solve problems with fans or changing the hardware configuration.

5. Set the priority of boot devices in the BIOS

In BIOS, it is best not to put the floppy drive as the first boot device. Specify a hard drive instead of a floppy drive.

Most PCs set the floppy drive as the default priority boot device. This option slows down the PC boot by a couple of seconds, as it will check for a bootable floppy disk in the drive. It is also unnecessary to do this because there is a danger of getting a boot virus from a dirty floppy disk. And how often do you boot from a floppy disk at all? And why do you need this disgusting sound of accessing an empty disk drive? It is better to set the hard disk as the first boot device.

In BIOS Setup, it is possible to specify the devices from which it is possible to boot, as well as the order of their checking. Let's take a look at how to remove the floppy drive from the first boot device. To do this, select "Advanced BIOS Features, Boot Sequence", then select "1st Boot Device"and change its value from" Floppy "to" Hard Disk ", as shown in the illustration above. In principle, a hard disk can be named" HDD-0 ". As a result, the computer will boot immediately from hard disk bypassing the floppy disk. Of course, if necessary, the boot order can always be restored by returning to BIOS Setup.

But now, even if the computer does not try to boot from a floppy disk, it will still check the floppy drive at boot time, wasting time. To avoid checking the drive, set the "Boot Up Floppy Seek" option to "Disabled".

6. Speed ​​up PC boot using BIOS

As you can imagine, in order to speed up the download, it is important that the PC did not check unnecessary devices, and loaded immediately from the hard drive. In addition, it is better to turn off the search for new hard drives and other devices. If you do not often change the set of hard drives in the system, then set the seek time to zero. To do this, in the "Main" menu set the "Timeout" value to "0".

7. How to enable USB 2.0 support in BIOS

USB: if you installed Windows XP with Service Pack 2, then you should enable the "USB 2.0 Controller" option.

On many motherboards, the "USB Controllers" option is set to USB 1.1 mode by default. This is due to the fact that Windows XP without Service Packs (and special patches) does not support USB 2.0. This is why USB 2.0 support usually has to be manually enabled.

To enable USB 2.0 in BIOS Setup, set the option to "Enabled" (as shown in the illustration above) or to "V1.1 + V2.0". But remember that to use the USB 2.0 interface, you need to install at least Service Pack 1 for Windows XP.

8. How to solve problems with USB devices using BIOS

Some flash drives, MP3 players and USB sticks are powered from the USB port. If the power supply is insufficient, the device will not work. That is why you should make sure that USB port provides enough power for such devices.

Check if your BIOS has an option called "USB 2.0 HS Reference Voltage". If so, set the value from "Low" or "Medium" to "High" or "Maximum".

9. How can I change the reaction of the PC to a power outage in the BIOS?

In the "Power Management" section of BIOS Setup, you can specify how the computer will react to a power outage. Options "AC Power Loss Restart" or "Restore on AC Power Loss" in BIOS are responsible for the behavior of the computer after emergency shutdown electricity and the subsequent restoration of power. Set this option to "On" or "Enabled" if you want the computer to boot automatically. Either "Off" or "Disabled" otherwise.

10. How to check the temperature and state of the PC through the BIOS

The BIOS provides information about the operating parameters of your PC. You can track the health of vital system components in real time, including the CPU, fans, power supply, and hard drives. For example, you can enable an alarm in the BIOS if the processor exceeds a certain temperature, or even implement an emergency shutdown. As a result, your system will not overheat.

Various items in the "Health" or "H / W Control" section allow you to monitor changes in voltages as well as temperature sensors. Most BIOS displays values ​​for the temperature of the processor and case, and in some versions, other temperatures, for example, of the hard disk or the chipset of the motherboard. You can also check the fan speed (in rpm) in the BIOS.

11. How to fix problems with coolers using BIOS

If your PC does not boot, then this may be caused by too low fan speed or even stopping it. This situation is especially common with high-end coolers, whose rotational speed depends on temperature. They can spin very slowly (or stop altogether) at low temperatures, causing the BIOS to think that the fan is out of order. Correct BIOS setup helps in such cases.

Set the BIOS to the option " CPU Fan Failure Warning "to" Disabled ". When you disable this option, the computer will boot even if the fan is spinning at a low speed. Of course, there is another problem: you may not enter the BIOS at all, as the computer may refuse to boot for the reason mentioned above (In many BIOSes this option is set by default to "Enabled".) In this case, you will have to temporarily connect to the motherboard any cheap cooler that always rotates on maximum speed... And after turning off the setting, you can connect already a high-end model.

12. How to avoid system crash?

Modern hard drives can detect symptoms or problems that precede drive failure by alerting the BIOS to this. This feature is called "Self Monitoring And Reporting Technology" (SMART). Enabling the "HDD SMART Capability" feature allows the BIOS to send alerts to programs like Norton System Works or the well-known free SpeedFan utility. As a result, the user receives information about the state of the drives. This ability allows you to take the necessary measures as soon as the first symptoms of an impending failure begin to appear.

13. We connect old printers and scanners (LPT)

Parallel port: The fastest mode is "ECP + EPP".

The computer's parallel port (LPT) usually only works in one direction. This setting is suitable for almost all devices, although the transfer rate is limited to 100 kbps. You can switch the LPT port to a more modern mode, which gives speeds up to 1 Mbps.

To do this, enable the "ECP" (Extended Capability Port) or "EPP" (Enhanced Parallel Port) mode. In fact, you can enable both modes at once by setting the "ECP / EPP" or "ECP + EPP" option.

A warning: if you have several devices connected to one port, then problems with high-speed modes may arise. In such situations, you can recommend purchasing an additional PCI expansion card, which will add a second LPT port. Or buy a USB-LPT adapter. Or, of course, upgrade to a more modern scanner or printer.

BIOS Tweak

This part of the article is addressed to demanding users who want to speed up boot time as much as possible, optimize system parameters, fully use the computing resources of a PC, the capabilities of the motherboard chipset and memory.

14. How to enable BIOS POST output during boot

When a PC boots up, many computers display manufacturer's multicolored logos instead of POST (Power-on Self-Test) lines. But, as it seems to us, it will be much more useful to see which element of the computer is being tested and with what results.

In the "Advanced BIOS Features" section, find the "Full Screen LOGO Display" item and set it to "Disabled". After that, you will be able to observe the results of all PC tests during boot.

15. How to configure the BIOS to make the PC boot even faster

Using the BIOS, you can further reduce the PC boot time by shortening the first test time. Of course, we recommend doing this only if all the components of the PC are working stably. For example, you can enable a one-time check of the available memory in the BIOS instead of three times. To do this, go to the "Advanced" or "Advanced BIOS Features" section, find the "Quick Power On Self Test" or "Quick Boot" option and set it to "Enabled".

Warning: if there are any problems with the hardware, we recommend going back to the BIOS and turning off the quick test by setting the value to "Disabled". In this case, the BIOS is more likely to find an error.

16. How to enable another video card in BIOS

If your computer has several interfaces in which a graphic card can be installed (integrated graphics, AGP, PCI Express, PCI), then the BIOS will try to determine which of them the working card is located in at boot. But this is not necessary, because you know all the necessary information!

Select an option in BIOS Setup called "Init Display First", which may also be called "Primary VGA BIOS" or "VGA Boot From" depending on the BIOS version. Specify "AGP" if you are using an AGP graphics card. On newer PCI Express systems, this option is commonly referred to as "PEG Port / Graphic Adapter Priority". In this case, set it to "PEG" if you are using a PCI Express card.

17. How to disable unnecessary functions of video cards in the BIOS

BIOS Cacheable: This option will improve performance on MS-DOS only.

The "Video RAM Cacheable" and "Video BIOS Cacheable" options improve graphics performance on older DOS machines. But they are useless for Windows. There is no need to include them.

Set both "Video RAM Cacheable" and "Video BIOS Cacheable" to "Disabled" in the BIOS. Disable the "VGA Palette Snoop" option if present. Finally, you can also disable the "System BIOS Cacheable" option: it no longer increases performance, and in some cases may even negatively affect system stability.

18.How to correctly configure memory for a video card in the BIOS

The "Graphics Aperture Size" option (which may also be called "AGP Aperture Size") was originally intended to make AGP graphics cards more efficient. RAM PC during texture output. This feature is already deprecated as many graphics cards have 128, 256, or even 512 MB of on-board memory. In addition, the built-in video memory on the card is faster than an operating PC. If earlier it was recommended to set the texture memory value to half the amount of RAM in your system, today it is better to choose the optimal size. That is, 128 or 64 MB.

19. How to correctly configure the AGP clock speed in BIOS

This "trick" avoids problems with AGP graphics card when overclocking the Front Side Bus (FSB).

On motherboards equipped with the overclocking function, you can find the "AGPCLK / CPUCLK" menu item (it can also be called "AGP Clock"). If it is, then set the value to "Fix". It prevents overclocking the FSB from affecting AGP frequencies. A value of "1/1" forces AGP to run at the same frequency as the FSB. A value of "2/3" puts AGP at 2/3 of the FSB frequency, so let's say 100 MHz FSB goes to 66 MHz for an AGP graphics card.

20. How to increase the AGP clock speed in BIOS

Increasing the AGP frequency increases performance, but it can cause problems.

Some motherboards allow you to increase the AGP frequency. In principle, you can try to increase this frequency (item "AGP Frequency") in small steps, and reboot the PC after each change. Test each setting on a 3D shooter like Doom 3 or Quake 4 to check the stability of the system. If you start to experience any glitches, go back to the previous AGP frequency setting.

21. How to increase the AGP voltage in BIOS

Higher clock speeds require more power. The "AGP Voltage" option allows you to increase the AGP voltage, most often in 0.1V increments. The voltage can be increased if increasing the AGP frequency leads to instability, and the need to increase performance is acute.

Warning: In some situations, excessive voltage rise can burn the graphics card. If overvoltage does not have the desired effect, return the value to a lower level and lower the AGP frequency to ensure system stability.

22. How to enable and disable the processor cache in BIOS

Enabling a processor cache of any level (1, 2, or 3) provides significant performance gains.

The CPU is significantly faster than other components on the motherboard and often has to wait for data to arrive. To speed up the exchange of data allows the processor cache, which is a high-speed memory located between the CPU and the computer's RAM.

The first level cache (L1) is very small, but it is located on the processor core, close to the computational units, providing very fast storage for temporary data. The cache of the second level (L2) is much larger in size and can store some elements of the program in whole or pieces of data. When the processor requests data, it first checks for its presence in the cache. If the required data is in it, then the performance of the computer is significantly increased, because the memory cannot respond at the same speed as the cache. Some processors, usually professional grade, also have an L3 cache. As you can imagine, the cache should always be enabled.

23. How to enable APIC in BIOS

A motherboard chipset usually consists of two chips called northbridge and southbridge. They are responsible for transferring data between the processor, RAM, expansion cards and peripherals. Enabling the APIC (advanced programmable interrupt controller) mode in the BIOS allows you to improve the work with devices. The number of interrupts increases from 16 to 24, and their management with APIC is much easier and more convenient.

All you need to do is go to the "Advanced BIOS Features" menu and set the "APIC Mode" option to "Enabled".

24. How to enable Burst Mode in BIOS

Burst Mode allows you to speed up a lot: working with hard drives, PCI cards and RAM. Batch mode allows you to transfer multiple chunks of data in one transfer, instead of processing all the chunks individually.

If during BIOS setup you encounter the "Burst Mode" option somewhere, set it to "Enabled" mode. Of course, after that we recommend checking the stability of the system.

Warning: Many PCI cards may malfunction if PCI Dynamic Bursting is set to Enabled.

25. Turn on bus control (Bus Mastering)

Turn on bus control (Bus Mastering): this option speeds up the work with the hard disk.

This BIOS setting allows Windows to use a faster mode direct access to DMA (Direct Memory Access) memory when reading or writing to the hard disk. DMA mode provides direct access of the hard disk controller to memory, bypassing the CPU. As a result, access to the hard drive is accelerated and precious CPU resources are saved.

If the "PCI IDE BusMaster" option is present in the "Integrated Peripherals" menu, set its value to "Enabled" as shown in the illustration above. When you have done this, go to Windows in "Start, Settings, Control Panel, System" ("Start, Control Panel, System") and click the "Device Manager" button on the "Hardware" tab. There, find the item "IDE ATA / ATAPI controllers / IDE ATA / ATAPI Controller" (it depends on the chipset, so it may be slightly different in your case). Find the entry "Primary IDE Channel" and go to the "Advanced Settings" tab. There, find the item "Current Transfer Mode". Its value should be set to "Ultra DMA / Ultra DMA Mode". Hard drives are usually set to mode 5, and CD / DVD drives are usually set to mode 2.

26. How to change memory timings in BIOS

Reducing memory latency. This operation only makes sense for high quality memory modules. But if it works, then you get a performance boost.

Each SDRAM and DDR / DDR-2 memory module carries a special Serial Presence Detect (SPD) chip, which stores the default memory latency (timings). Memory manufacturers usually specify SPD values ​​for guaranteed stable and reliable performance. Therefore, it often makes sense to slightly speed up the delays, since this step allows you to squeeze out a few more percent of the performance.

The corresponding options may be named like "System Performance", "Memory Timings" or "Configure DRAM Timing". Typically, the default for these options is "By SPD". It forces the computer to read the recommended values ​​from the SPD chip of the memory module and automatically use them. In addition, the "Enabled" value is also unlikely to cause problems with the PC.

If you want to try to tune systems for better performance, then set the option value to "Disabled" or "User Defined" (if any, see the illustration above). Then set the parameters manually as indicated in the following paragraphs.

27. How to reduce RAS-to-CAS latency in BIOS

Memory is best represented as a two-dimensional array. To receive data, you specify a column using the Row Address Strobe (RAS) signal, and then a row using the Column Address Strobe (CAS) signal. A certain amount of time is required between the RAS and CAS signals so that the addressing does not get lost. Typically, RAS-to-CAS latency is two or more clocks.

The "SDRAM RAS to CAS Delay" value allows you to set exactly how many clock cycles will pass between the RAS and CAS signals. Settings from 2 to 5 are possible, with 2 being the fastest. Try to lower the latency and test the stability of your system. The better your memory modules are, the lower the latency you can get.

28. Reduce CAS latency in BIOS

When receiving data from memory between setting the address and transmitting data, you should wait a certain time interval. It is also indicated in measures: 2T for two measures, 3T for three, etc. A smaller value for "SDRAM CAS Latency" provides better performance.

The correct (and safe) value for "SDRAM CAS Latency" is usually printed on the module label or even burned into the chips themselves. For cheap modules, 3T or 2.5T values ​​are usually found. Set the value to 2.5T or even 2T, then check the stability of the system. Some memory manufacturers claim that 2T memory is capable of running at more than high frequencies... If you can reduce the CAS latency, you can try to increase the memory frequency using the "Memory Frequency" option.

Warning: change only one parameter at a time. Then you can immediately determine the cause of the unstable operation and return to the checked value.

29. Reduce in BIOS RAS Precharge Delay

For memory cells to work quickly, they must be properly charged. The SDRAM RAS Precharge Delay option specifies the interval (in clock cycles) between charging the cells and sending the RAS signal. With a lower value, say "2", memory is faster, but often unstable. Try to reduce the charging delay and check the stability of the system each time.

30. Reduce SDRAM Precharge in BIOS

Delay "SDRAM Active Precharge Delay" is also set in clock cycles. It indicates the latency between sequential memory accesses, so lowering it can speed up memory handling.

Typically, the delay is calculated as follows: Active Precharge Delay = CAS-Latency + RAS Precharge Delay + 2 (for stability). As with other delays, try lowering it by one clock cycle and check the stability of the system. If problems arise, return the value back.

31. Reducing memory timings: general tips

RAM latency: Reducing latency can speed up the performance of the memory subsystem.

The recommended values ​​for the delays of tips 27-30 depend on the modules themselves. If the module says "2.5-4-4-8", then the CAS Latency is 2.5 cycles, RAS to CAS Delay - 4 cycles, RAS Precharge Delay - 4 cycles and Active Precharge Delay - 8 cycles. These are the values ​​recommended by the manufacturer for memory modules. Of course, lower latencies can also be earned, but there is a risk of system failures. If you want optimal performance, we recommend decreasing the latencies one value at a time and testing system stability each time.

32. Increase the voltage for memory in BIOS

If the memory is working faster, then it will need more power. That is why, along with the increase in frequency, the supply voltage should also be increased.

The "DDR Reference Voltage" option allows you to increase the memory voltage, usually in 0.1 V increments. Increasing the voltage makes sense if you have reduced the latency or increased the memory frequency. Or if problems with stable work began to arise.

Warning: too high voltage can burn memory modules!

33. How to turn off the built-in sound in BIOS

Often the motherboard's onboard sound controller is not used. Let's say if you have installed a powerful sound card PCI or even using a computer without speakers. Then it makes sense to mute the sound on the motherboard. In some cases, this can improve overall system performance and stability.

In the "Integrated Peripherals" menu, set the value of the "AC97 Audio Select" item to "Disabled" (as shown in the illustration above).

34. How to disable the game port in BIOS

The game port is useful only to owners of old joysticks or to those users who use it as a MIDI interface. Then it makes sense to allocate two I / O ports and an interrupt to the game port. (By the way, if you have a joystick, then it most likely uses USB connection). All other users are better off turning off the game port.

In the "Integrated Peripherals" menu, set the "Game Port" value to "Disabled".

35. How to disable the network port in BIOS

Some motherboards are equipped with two network interfaces, but usually most users only need one. It is better to disable interfaces that are not working. In some cases, this improves system performance and stability.

In the "Integrated Peripherals" menu, set the value of the "Onboard Intel LAN" item to "Disabled".

36. How to disable unnecessary ports in BIOS

Today, only older PDAs and modems need serial ports COM1 and COM2. Disabling ports saves two IRQs by reducing the number of interrupts the processor must check. And today hardly anyone needs a parallel LPT interface. Moreover, modern printers and scanners are connected to the USB port.

Disable COM1 and COM2 interfaces from the "Integrated Peripherals" menu (option "IO Devices, Com-Port", but it can also be called "Serial Port 1/2"). Disable the LPT port by setting the value of the "Parallel Port" item to "Disabled".

37. How to disable FireWire (IEEE1394) in BIOS

The FireWire interface is only needed if you need to download video from a camcorder or connect FireWire peripherals. In all other situations, it is better to turn off the interface.

In the "Integrated Peripherals" menu, set the value of the "Onboard 1394 device" item to "Disabled".

BIOS update

From time to time, motherboard manufacturers release new BIOS versions. BIOS updates usually contain various optimizations as well as new features. Let's say the same overclocking features. We recommend that you update the BIOS only when a new final version is available (and it is better to skip beta and alpha versions).

The BIOS is written to a special flash memory chip. During the flashing of the new version, it is written in place of the old one. For BIOS updates required special utilities that motherboard manufacturers put in the package. In addition, some BIOS versions support firmware on their own using a key combination.

When it comes to updating the BIOS, there are usually two alternatives. You can use a utility for Windows, which can usually be found on the motherboard CD or downloaded from the manufacturer's website. You can also install a utility that will periodically check for a new BIOS version and, if necessary, download it. This method is simple, but the verification utility takes up memory space and consumes some resources.

Updating the BIOS under Windows is an easy and simple way, as long as your system is stable. For greater reliability, we recommend updating via DOS.

To do this, you need to download the firmware utility from the manufacturer's website. Then create a bootable DOS diskette and write the utility along with the new BIOS version to it. Then you should boot from the floppy disk and run the utility through the command line (if you downloaded the utility and the BIOS in a ZIP archive, then they should be copied to the floppy disk unpacked). This approach is considered by many to be more reliable, since there are no third-party drivers in DOS.

Warning: if you update Laptop BIOS, do not do this while on battery power. The laptop should be flashed when powered from the mains.

Choose your motherboard: only use the BIOS versions specifically designed for your model.

Visit the website of your motherboard (or computer) manufacturer, and then find the model you want. Most often, motherboard models are named like "GA-686BX", "A7N8X-E" or "K8T Neo2". Sometimes motherboards have two names: retail (say "K8T-Neo") and technical (eg "MS-6702 Version 1.0"). The latter is usually indicated on the PCB board. When you find a page with your model, click on the "Downloads" or "Support" link.

39. Save old version BIOS

We recommend keeping the old BIOS version in case the new one turns out to be unstable or causes any problems. You can always flash the old BIOS instead of the newer version. In addition, we recommend that you carefully read the Readme file that is included in the BIOS archive. It indicates the changes and additions made to new version.

40. Think twice before updating your BIOS

Notes provided in each BIOS revision help you decide whether you need to update the BIOS or not.

If updating the BIOS solves any specific problem (see the illustration above), then you must decide how relevant it is for your system. If the problem does not concern you, then you can skip the BIOS update. Of course, if it does not provide any other improvements. Note that newer BIOS versions often allow newer processors to be installed.

If you did not buy the motherboard separately, or immediately bought a branded PC, then in such cases it is better to go to the website of the PC manufacturer. Of course, it is quite possible that you will find the same BIOS update there as found on the motherboard manufacturer's website. However, some PC manufacturers release their own BIOS versions. If you do not know where to download the BIOS update (from the motherboard or PC manufacturer's website), ask the manufacturer for an answer to this question. If you don't get a clear answer, then you might not need to update the BIOS.

41. How to prepare boot disk with BIOS

When you download the BIOS from the manufacturer's website, you usually get a ZIP archive containing several files. One of the files directly contains a new BIOS version, and this file is often called very mysteriously: "W7176IMS.110" or "AN8D1007.BIN". In addition, in the archive you can find and Text Document with installation instructions.

As a rule, the archive also contains an executable file.EXE - a utility for flashing BIOS. For the BIOS Award, it is called "awdflash.exe". In addition, the archive usually contains batch file simplifying the flashing process. Most often it is called "start.cmd", "flash.bat", or "autoexec.bat". Unpack these files to any folder. For example, in "C: \ BIOS \". If the BIOS archive is self-extracting, then copy it to this folder and run it.

Important: Before you start flashing, please print the Readme file as it may contain important information. Keep the printout with other documentation. By the way, if you don't have the documentation, you can almost always download it from the manufacturer's website as PDF files.

42. How to write BIOS to a bootable floppy disk

BIOS flashing requires boot floppy DOS. To create it, click on the "My Computer / My Computer" icon. Click on right key mouse on the drive icon and select "Format ... / Format ...". In the window that appears, check the box "Create an MS-DOS startup disk / Create an MS-DOS startup disk". Then click "Start / Start" to start formatting. Copy the BIOS file and the firmware utility to the floppy disk (for example, the files "awdflash.exe" and "w6330vms.360" for the latest version of Award BIOS).

Then you need to restart your computer and boot from the floppy disk. To do this, make sure that the drive in the BIOS is set as the first boot device. After rebooting, enter the BIOS setup menu by pressing the corresponding key. Select "Advanced BIOS Features, Boot Sequence", which may also be called "Advanced, Advanced BIOS Features" on some PCs. Make sure the "1st Boot Device" option is set to "Floppy". Exit to the main BIOS setup menu by pressing the key, and then use the key to exit the BIOS setup menu. If you want to save the changes made, then press the [Y] ("Yes") key.

43. How to flash BIOS under DOS

Make sure the computer is receiving stable power. As we mentioned earlier, do not flash the BIOS in a laptop if it is running on battery power. Plug your laptop into a power outlet.

Boot your PC from the floppy disk where you wrote the firmware utility and BIOS file. V command line enter the name of the firmware utility, and after a space - the name of the BIOS file. In our example, for the Award BIOS, this will be a line of the form:

A: \> awdflash.exe w6330vms.360

This will launch the firmware utility, which will guide you through all the other processes.

Keep the old BIOS. Before flashing the new BIOS version, we recommend that you keep the old version by entering the file name.

Although the name of the firmware utility and the BIOS file may differ in your case (for example, "awdfl789.exe" and "w6330vms.250"), the approach does not change. Follow the instructions of the utility and answer correctly. Keep the old version every time you update the BIOS just in case. It will allow you to go back if any problems appear in the new BIOS version.

Finally, the firmware utility will overwrite the BIOS image in flash memory with the new version. After successful completion, the PC should be rebooted. During the firmware, you need to make sure that the computer does not turn off the power. Otherwise, you will have to contact service center(or to the craftsmen) and flash the BIOS through the programmer.

44. Setting up a new BIOS

When the BIOS update is complete, restart your computer, preferably cold (power off and on). In some cases, it may be necessary to clear the CMOS (see below). After switching on, the lines will be displayed on the screen BIOS boot where the new version should appear. Enter BIOS setup using the desired keys. Select the "Load Optimized Defaults" option (on some PCs it may be called "Exit, Load Setup Defaults"), which will load the default settings. Make any required changes to the BIOS settings. Exit the setting with the key, then press [Y] to save the setting. Then enjoy the products of your labor!

BIOS firmware golden rules

In principle, changing the BIOS settings, you can hardly cause irreparable harm to the computer, unless you overestimate the supply voltage too much. In any case, it's best to remember a few golden rules.

1. Create backup current BIOS version. Save the old one before flashing the new BIOS version. Each BIOS firmware utility has the option to save the old version, for example, "Save current BIOS as". If the new version turns out to be problematic, you can always revert to the old one.
2. Change only one setting at a time. If you've gone into BIOS setup, make the changes carefully, one at a time and in small steps if possible. After each process, restart your computer and test under Windows to identify any instabilities. This is the only way to determine how a particular setting will affect the performance and stability of your PC.
3. Use stress tests. To test the stability of the PC, it is best to load the computer to the maximum. You can run games, video editing applications, 3D benchmarks like 3DMark 2005, etc.
4. If all else fails, try a cold boot. If the computer refuses to boot after pressing the Reset key, turn off the computer from the network and wait a couple of minutes. Use the power cord unplug or toggle switch on the power supply, not the shutdown keys on the front of the PC.
5. Clear CMOS. If the PC refuses to boot after changes made to the BIOS, then you will not be able to return the settings back. In such cases, resetting CMOS settings helps. Follow the instructions to clear the CMOS for your motherboard. In some cases, to clear the CMOS, close (or open) the jumper by giving the signal " Clear CMOS"Or you need to use a DIP switch. Remember that after clearing the CMOS, you need to return the jumper to its original position. Alternatively, you can take out the motherboard battery and disconnect the computer from the mains. But sometimes you need to wait a few hours.

BIOS setup guide

Introduction to BIOS setup

The Basic Input-Output System (BIOS) is an essential part of any PC's routines and is stored on a separate chip on the motherboard. At its core, the BIOS is an intermediary between the computer hardware and the operating system. Without the BIOS, the operating system would not be able to communicate with and control the hardware.

In other words, the BIOS is an essential component of any computer. If the BIOS parameters are set incorrectly, then the performance of your PC can be reduced by up to 40%. Unfortunately, as new processors and motherboards are released, BIOS options keep getting more confusing. As a result, many users simply do not understand the meaning of many of the options in modern BIOS.

But don't despair - THG comes to the rescue! Each motherboard and / or computer uses a different BIOS, so we will look at an example of BIOS optimization based on the Asus A7N8X-E Deluxe motherboard. We chose this motherboard because of the large number of other ASUS motherboards with similar BIOS released after it. In addition, the A7N8X-E is one of the most popular ASUS models: it has been on the market for almost two years and is still sold for AMD systems. It is likely that your motherboard will have some differences from this model, but you can get an idea of ​​the possible adjustments.

Please be aware that incorrect setting of BIOS parameters can lead to unstable operation of your PC. In this case, you will have to reset the BIOS settings to the factory default values ​​(that is, to unoptimized ones). This is usually done with a motherboard jumper, but how do I reset the BIOS on a laptop? None of the options discussed here should negatively affect the performance of your PC, but follow each step carefully.

Many major computer manufacturers like Dell, HP, Gateway, and Micron are limiting the BIOS options available to reduce support calls due to wrong setting... Therefore, for computers from some manufacturers, you will not be able to enable certain advanced options mentioned in our article.

During bootup, most PCs briefly display a message about how you can enter the BIOS setup (setup). You will have a few seconds to press the required key - if you do not have time, the operating system will start loading. To enter the BIOS after turning on the PC, hold or continuously press the desired key. On most PCs, this is "DEL", "F1", or "F2". If your PC does not enter the BIOS setup using these keys or does not display a message on how to do this, you will have to consult the documentation or support service of your PC manufacturer.

We recommend that you restart your computer after changing each BIOS option to ensure that the system is stable. Think for yourself: if you make a few changes to the options in the BIOS and your system stops booting, how will you look for the cause of the error?

Let's start with the Main Options menu, which can be invoked by clicking on the "Main" tab in the upper left corner.

Below you can set the time and date, as well as the parameters of your hard drives and other installed drives. Every time the PC boots, it will most likely automatically detect the drives installed in the system. Most computers take a second or two to do this, but if you manually enter the settings you want, you can speed up your boot times a little.

To do this, select the drive by moving the cursor to it and press "Enter". Then write down the values ​​for Cylinders, Heads, Sectors, and LBA. Some BIOSes have options for "Block Mode" and "32-Bit Transfer Mode". Change the drive type from "AUTO" to "USER". Then enter the same numbers that were displayed. Most modern computers LBA Mode, Block Mode and 32-bit Transfer Mode must be ON, even if they were disabled before.

If no drive is connected to this channel of the controller, select NONE. For example, if your hard drive is configured as Primary Master and your CD-RW drive is configured as Primary on Secondary Master, make sure that the Primary / Secondary Slave on each channel is set to NONE. If you leave the AUTO option without a device, the computer will check each time if the drive is present. Setting it to NONE where there are no drives will speed up loading a little.

Then select the "Advanced" tab, which will be divided into several submenus. The first branch is called "Advanced BIOS Features."

Do you need to thoroughly test your memory and drive every time you turn on your computer? Unless you suspect that there is a problem with one of these components, it hardly makes sense to run BIOS diagnostics every time. In this part of the BIOS, you can reduce the system startup time by enabling or disabling certain functions. For example, the ones that we indicated above. Below are the recommended settings.

Boot Virus Detection(boot virus detection): "Enabled". Sometimes this item is located in the main BIOS section ("Standard" or "Main"). Boot viruses are not as common today as they used to be, but this feature will help protect your data when booting from an infected floppy disk or CD-ROM.

CPU Level 1 Cache(processor L1 cache): "Enabled".

CPU Level 2 Cache(processor L2 cache): "Enabled".

Quick Power On Self Test(quick test): "Enabled". This item allows you to avoid repeated memory testing several times when you turn on the PC. If you have faulty memory, then this test will still not detect it.

First, Second, or Third Boot Device(first, second, or third boot devices): Set the boot order and disconnect any devices from which you do not plan to boot.

Boot Other Device(boot from another device): "Disabled" (disabled), unless you plan to boot from a network card or SCSI device.

Boot Up Floppy Seek(check the drive at boot): "Disabled". Waste of time and unnecessary noise.

Boot Up NumLock Status(state of the "NumLock" key at boot): choose here yourself. Some people like that the "NumLock" key is activated when booting Windows others do not.

Gate A20 Option(Gate Option A20): FAST. Although this feature has lost its meaning under Windows XP, we still recommend leaving it enabled. Old Windows versions and OS / 2 perform better when set to FAST. The only reason for setting this parameter to "Normal" is to boot DOS.

Typematic Rate Setting(dial speed): "Disabled" (disabled). Choose here for yourself. This parameter determines how often keyboard characters will be pressed if a certain key is held down.

APIC Mode(APIC mode): "Enabled". Hidden behind APIC is the Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller, which is responsible for supporting multiple processors, additional IRQs, and faster interrupt handling.

OS / 2 Onboard Memory> 64M(OS / 2 memory> 64 MB): "Disabled". This setting only affects users who will be running the now legacy OS / 2 operating system from IBM.

Full Screen LOGO Show(full screen logo display): your choice. When this option is enabled, the memory counter and Power-On Self-Test (POST) are hidden behind a graphic picture. If this option is disabled, then you see a regular boot screen. Actually, it is present in most computers. Some users like to hide the POST screen while others like to watch the process.

POST Complete Report(full POST report): take your pick. If you enable this option, you will receive a complete POST report.

Overclockers and enthusiasts trying to increase system performance often increase the bus and core frequencies of the processor. In addition, they often increase the voltage of the components, since they can achieve higher clock speeds, but they also generate more heat.

Overclocking no longer results in the kind of performance difference we were accustomed to a few years ago. In addition, overclocking voids the user's warranty, can lead to component failure, and the system can become unstable. For this reason, for most settings of frequencies and voltages in this BIOS section, leave the "AUTO" option. If you want to adjust the settings, then click on the "Advanced" tab BIOS screen and then select the "Advanced Chipset Features" branch.

CPU External Freq. (MHz)(external processor frequency, MHz): make sure it is set according to the specifications of your processor.

CPU Frequency Multiple Setting(processor multiplier setting): AUTO.

CPU Frequency Multiple(processor multiplier): Make sure the multiplier is set to the processor specifications.

In other BIOSes, the multiplier item may be called "CPU Multiplier". To understand the meaning of the multiplier, remember that the processor frequency is different from the rest of your system. In our example, the AMD Athlon 2600+ processor is used, whose frequency is 2133 MHz. The processor FSB bus frequency is 133.33 MHz. The processor frequency of 2133 MHz (2.133 GHz) is set by multiplying the FSB frequency by a factor. In this case, we just get 16 x 133.33 = 2133.

AMD has determined through testing that a 2133MHz processor is as fast (or even faster) than Intel processor at a frequency of 2.6 GHz. Since consumers tend to use clock speeds to judge performance, AMD had to find a way to convince buyers that a lower clock speed AMD processors does not mean less performance. For this, model numbers were introduced. So it shouldn't come as a surprise that the AMD Athlon 2600+ (in our example) actually runs at 2.133 GHz and not 2.6 GHz.

System Performance(system performance): "Optimal" (optimal).

CPU Interface(CPU interface): "Optimal".

Memory Frequency(memory interface): "By SPD" (via SPD). Most manufacturers of memory modules add a special chip (Serial Presence Detect, SPD) that tells the BIOS of the computer the module size, frequency, voltage, and other memory parameters. These settings are manufacturer-specific to ensure maximum performance and reliability. That is why we recommend leaving the "By SPD" option. If you tweak the memory settings manually, you can squeeze out some more performance. But be careful: the system may start to crash at random times, not boot properly, or refuse to boot at all.

Overclocking options in advanced BIOS settings, continued

Memory timings(memory latency): "Optimal".

FSB Spread Spectrum: "Disabled". This feature allows systems to pass European Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) tests. It constantly changes, albeit slightly, the Front Side Bus (FSB) frequency. Please be aware that enabling this feature may interrupt your Internet connection and cause stability issues when overclocking your system.

AGP Spread Spectrum: "Disabled". Here, the same is true as indicated in the previous paragraph. Except that the frequency of the Advanced Graphics Port (AGP) interface is modulated.

CPU VCore Setting(CPU core voltage setting): "AUTO".

CPU VCore(processor core voltage): Make sure this setting is set to the processor specifications.

There are so many different processors on the market today that hardly one example can describe them. Below we have provided a partial table, which shows the name of the CPU, the real operating frequency, the nominal core voltage and the maximum allowable temperature.

Athlon Processors	Frequency (GHz)	Core voltage (V)	Max. temperature (° C)
XP 1700	1,467	1,50	90
XP 1900	1,60	1,50	90
XP 2000	1,667	1,60	90
XP 2100	1,733	1,60	90
XP 2200	1,80	1,60	90
XP 2400	2,0	1,60	85
XP 2600	2,133	1,65	85
XP 2700	2,171	1,65	85
XP 2800	2,250	1,65	85

Graphics Aperture Size(AGP aperture size): 64 MB or 128MB. This function manages the Graphics Address Relocation Table (GART) and the amount of memory that the AGP bus can address. Regardless of the amount of memory on your graphics card, we recommend specifying 64 or 128 MB. As a result, the graphics card will provide optimized performance even if the application requires additional memory for textures - at the same time, GART will not go beyond reasonable limits.

AGP Frequency(AGP frequency): "AUTO".

System BIOS Cacheable(system BIOS caching): "Disabled". You might think that caching is good. Yes, but not always. Enabling this feature can crash the system if the program tries to write data to the cached area of ​​the BIOS. If you are using DOS, then it is better to enable the function.

Video RAM Cacheable(video memory caching): "Disabled". This option allows you to copy the video memory directly to the L2 cache, which is faster than the video ROM. However, Windows today has advanced much further than DOS, so it rarely uses the ROM of the video card. Since L2 cache is limited in size, we recommend using it to improve the efficiency of other tasks.

DDR Reference Voltage(voltage of DDR modules): 2.6V. The setting is responsible for the voltage of the Double Data Rate (DDR) memory modules in your system.

AGP VDDQ Voltage(AGP voltage VDDQ): 1.5V. VDDQ is a technical abbreviation (Voltage between Drain and common for Data Quad-band). But we will not go into details. You just need to understand that the voltage of the AGP port of the video card is set here.

AGP 8X Support(AGP 8X support): enable this option if your graphics card supports AGP 8X interface. In addition, "VIA 4-in-1" drivers should be installed on motherboards with VIA chipset.

AGP Fast Write Capability(support quick recording AGP): we recommend enabling this option. This feature allows you to bypass the main RAM when writing from the chipset to the AGP device, increasing performance by up to 10%. However, some maps and games may have problems enabling this feature. We recommend that you experiment to determine which setting works best for your PC.

This BIOS section contains settings for the onboard peripherals installed on the motherboard. This includes serial and parallel ports, audio, LAN, USB ports etc. If some ports are not used, but they are enabled in the BIOS, then the ports consume extra system resources. It's still better to turn them off.

Primary VGA BIOS(main BIOS VGA): This function is only used if your PC has two graphics cards, one AGP (accelerated graphics port) and one PCI (peripheral component interconnect). The system must know which card to initialize first and consider the main one. If you have one video card, then most likely it supports the AGP interface. For most cases, the default setting is not correct and should be changed to AGP VGA Card... If you really have two video cards, then choose the main one. It will display POST and OS boot information.

USB Controllers (USB controllers): This feature allows you to limit the functionality of your PC's Universal Serial Bus (USB) controllers. You can select "USB 1.1 only", "USB 1.1 and 2.0" and disable USB altogether. For most users, the best option would be to configure USB 1.1 and 2.0

.

USB Legacy Support(support for hereditary USB devices): this function should be enabled if your PC is equipped with a USB keyboard and you want to use it in a DOS environment or before booting the OS (in the boot menu, for example). If the setting is disabled, the keyboard will not work after booting from a floppy disk or CD-ROM. And you will not be able to enter the BIOS either. If your PC uses a USB keyboard (rectangular connector), then set the setting to "Enabled"... If you have a PS / 2 keyboard (round connector), set "Disabled"... Please be aware that enabling this function may cause problems waking up from Standby or Hibernate modes, or cause the PC to shut down improperly. In other words, activate the function only when necessary.

USB Mouse Support(USB mouse support): The same is true as for the previous point. It is best to disable this option.

Onboard AC97 Audio Controller(built-in sound controller AC97): if your PC is equipped with an additional sound card, for example Sound Blaster Audigy, or your system does not have speakers, then disable the built-in sound card ("Disabled"). Then you free up precious resources and prevent potential conflicts. However, many computers use integrated sound solutions, so you should leave the option enabled there ( "Enabled").

Onboard AC97 Modem Controller(Onboard AC97 Modem Controller): Some motherboards use an onboard dial-up modem. If there is no modem slot, the modem is not needed at all, or a separate modem card is used, then the option should be disabled ("Disabled"). Otherwise - enable ("Enabled").

Onboard LAN (nVidia)(built-in LAN controller): this option allows you to enable or disable the built-in network card. The options are "Auto" or "Disabled" (disabled). The ASUS motherboard used for our review has two built-in network cards, which are especially useful in cases where the PC is used as a router to distribute the Internet connection: one Network Card connects to your cable / DSL modem, and the other connects to your network switch. If you are using only one network port or the network is not needed at all, then turn off the controller to free up valuable resources.

Onboard LAN (3Com)(onboard LAN controller): This option applies to the second onboard LAN controller. The same is true as above.

BIOS Peripherals (Integrated Peripherals) Continued

Onboard 1394 Device (FireWire)(Onboard 1394 Controller): This function enables or disables the onboard IEEE 1394 (FireWire) port of your PC. If you are not using any FireWire devices, then turn off the option to free up valuable resources.

Floppy Disk Access Controller(floppy controller): Most modern boards do not have floppy drives. If this is true for your PC, or you do not need a floppy drive, then disconnect it and free up resources. Note: if you have a floppy drive installed and you turn it off in the BIOS, you will not be able to work with it until you enable this function again in the BIOS.

Onboard Serial Port 1(built-in serial port): Most users no longer use serial ports to connect peripherals, as today this interface has almost completely replaced USB. If you are not using serial ports, then disable them to free up resources. On the other hand, if the serial port is in use, then set the option "3F8 / IRQ4".

Onboard Serial Port 2(built-in serial port): The same is true as above. If the port is in use, set the value to "2F8 / IRQ3".

UART2 Use As(UART2 use type): UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver / Transmitter) is a chip that receives and transmits data in sequence. Each serial port uses this chip, although it is possible to integrate multiple UARTs into a single chip. Many motherboards offer IR pins instead of COM2, so make your own choice. But remember to use an infrared adapter, usually sold separately, for the infrared port.

Onboard Parallel Port(built-in parallel port): This function allows you to select parallel port mode or disable it altogether. If you are not using the parallel port, then disabling the option will free up valuable system resources. If the port is in use, we recommend setting the value "378 / IRQ7".

Parallel Port Mode(parallel port mode): If you have disabled the parallel port, this setting is irrelevant. However, when you enable the parallel port, you can set the modes "EPP" (enhanced parallel port) or "ECP" (enhanced capabilities port). EPP mode is recommended if your system has only one device that uses a parallel port (such as a printer). Select "ECP" if there are multiple devices connected to the port: say an external zip drive, scanner, printer, or tape drive. Make sure you are using IEEE 1284 certified parallel cables.

ECP DMA Select(DMA channel selection ECP): If you have selected the "ECP" or "EPP plus ECP" modes for the parallel port, this option will also appear. With its help, you can set the Direct Memory Access (DMA) channel that you plan to use. We recommend the default value "3".

Onboard game port(built-in game port): If your system has a separate sound card, or you are not using MIDI devices or old joysticks, then this function should be disabled in order to free up valuable resources. If you are using the built-in game port, then set the default value "201".

Onboard MIDI I / O(Built-in MIDI): The Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) allows musical instruments to be linked to the hardware and software of a PC. If the computer is not used to connect external MIDI devices, then feel free to disable the option. Otherwise, we recommend the default value "330".

Onboard MIDI IRQ: same as above. If you are using MIDI devices, use the default setting "10".

This area of ​​the BIOS is confusing for most users. If the correct settings are not set here, then the system will stop shutting down properly, and will not properly exit the "Standby" or "Hibernate" states. Since Windows already has built-in power management, you can turn off all relevant options in the BIOS. Otherwise, they will conflict with each other, and neither will work correctly. Motherboard manufacturers understand that not everyone uses Windows, so most settings are intended for users of other operating systems.

ACPI Suspend to RAM: ACPI stands for Advanced Configuration and Power Interface - do not confuse it with APIC or IPCA, which are also available as options in some BIOS. The "Suspend to RAM" function, also called S3 / STR, allows the computer to save more power in "Standby" mode, but all devices connected to the computer must be ACPI-compliant. Some BIOSes have an S1 / POS option for this scenario. If you enable this feature and you have problems with standby mode, go back to BIOS and disable it.

Video Off Method(Video Shutdown Method): DPMS stands for Display Power Management System. This option allows the BIOS to control a graphics card that supports the "DPMS" function. The Blank Screen option simply produces a blank black screen - it should be used for monitors that do not support the green options or power saving mode. The "V / H SYNC Blank" option not only produces a black screen, but also turns off vertical and horizontal scanning. If your computer and monitor have been released in the last five years, then we recommend the "DPMS" option.

HDD Down In Suspend(HDD shutdown in Suspend mode): the function determines whether the hard disk will automatically shutdown in Suspend mode. Most of these settings are controlled by Windows, but if your hard drive does not turn off when your computer enters Suspend mode, enable this option. Otherwise it is better to leave it disabled ("Disabled").

PWR Button< 4 Secs (power key): By default, all ATX computers turn off if you hold down the power key for more than four seconds. This setting tells the computer what to do if the power key is held down for less than four seconds. You can either shut down the system or put it in "Suspend" mode. So decide for yourself.

Power Up On PCI Device(enable by PCI device): if you use Wake-On-LAN - this option is often used in large office environments to remotely turn on computers - then leave the option selected ("Enabled"). Otherwise, we recommend turning this option off ("Disabled").

Wake / Power Up on Ext. Modem(External Modem Power On): This feature allows the computer to automatically power on when the modem's telephone line is activated. Again, a handy function for remote control... In other environments, that is, for most users, it is better to disable it ("Disabled").

Automatic power up(Auto Power On): This function allows you to set the time when your computer will automatically turn on. If you need a similar function, then enable it ("Enabled"). Otherwise turn off ("Disabled").

Time (hh: mm: ss) of Alarm(switch-on time): here you set the time for automatic switching on... Remember to turn on the "Automatic Power Up" function.

AC Power Loss Restart(Power On After Power Loss): This option tells the computer what to do after an unexpected power loss and recovery. If the option is disabled ("Disabled"), the system will not start. If enabled ("Enabled") - then the system will be rebooted. We recommend turning this option off ("Disabled").

Power On By PS / 2 Mouse(enable via PS / 2 mouse): if this option is enabled, a PS / 2 mouse (not USB) can be used to turn on the PC. Disable ("Disabled") this option to prevent turning on the computer by accidentally touching the mouse.

Power On By PS / 2 Keyboard(Power On by PS / 2 Keyboard): When this function is activated, you can turn on the system using the dedicated keys. It is better to turn off the function ("Disabled"), so as not to accidentally make a mistake with the key.

This area of ​​the BIOS exists primarily to address compatibility issues with older hardware. Most users do not need to change the default settings here.

Reset Configuration Data(Configuration Data Reset): ESCD (Extended System Configuration Data) contains information about all non-PnP devices (plug and play). It also stores information about the system since the last boot. Select this option to clear data during a Power-On-Self-Test (POST). Usually, cleaning is done when diagnosing any component that is not working properly. After enabling the option ("Enabled") and exiting the BIOS, the configuration data will be cleared and the option will be automatically disabled ("Disabled").

Resources Controlled By(resource management): This setting allows the computer to either set IRQs automatically or manually assign IRQs to all devices. Remember that manually specifying the IRQ can cause problems. This option is only required when working with older, non-PnP peripherals. It is recommended to set "AUTO" (ESCD).

IRQ Resources(IRQ resources): This option will allow you to manually adjust the IRQ. It is activated only if you have selected manual indication ("MANUAL") in the previous paragraph.

PCI / VGA Palette Snoop: This feature usually applies to add-on video cards like MPEG encoders. They do not have their own color palette, so they must receive (snoop) the palette from the system video card. If, like most users, you do not have an additional video device connected to the video card, then disable this setting ("Disabled").

BIOS security options allow you to restrict unauthorized access to the BIOS or your computer so that they do not make any changes. Since BIOS settings are critical for correct work PCs, many administrators in companies block BIOS password.

Security Option(Security Option): This option allows you to password protect any changes made to the BIOS ("Setup" option). In addition, here you can specify that the password is requested every time the PC is booted ("System" option).

Set Supervisor Password(set administrative password): if you specify an administrative password, it will be requested when entering the BIOS (if you select the "Setup" option above). If in the paragraph above you specified the "System" option, then the password is required for the "cold" boot.

Set User Password(set user password): here you can specify a password that will be requested from users when they boot the PC. If Supervisor Password is also specified, then in BIOS the user will be able to change only the time and date.

Note: if you forget or lose your passwords, you will have to reset the BIOS to factory settings by temporarily rearranging the jumper on the motherboard.

In this part of the BIOS, you can track voltages, fan speeds and temperatures. On the mother's ASUS board used in our article, you can also change the fan speed depending on the temperature parameters. In addition, it is possible to set the CPU alarm temperature, which will be activated in case of overheating. Another possibility is to turn off the computer after exceeding the threshold temperature. Then your processor will not burn out from overheating or in any extreme situations.

If the BIOS has such features, then all of them are placed in a section and clearly signed. Since modern processors get very hot, we recommend enabling monitoring functions to prevent potential hazards.

Each CPU has its own temperature limits. For example, for AMD Athlon, they are given at the beginning of this article. In general, if the BIOS contains the options "issue a warning beep" or "shut down the computer if a specific temperature is reached or exceeded", then they usually have several temperature values ​​from which you can choose any. We recommend setting the second temperature after the hottest one.

Conclusion on BIOS setup

Since the BIOS of modern computers differs in many ways, the BIOS of your computer may have some functions that are not covered in this article. To receive additional information and for answering your questions, we recommend that you refer to the following websites: Wim "s BIOS and Adrian "s RojakPot .

Good luck tweaking and optimizing your BIOS!

If you are faced with the fact that BIOS slows down, crashes, BIOS does not start, BIOS does not install, BIOS controls do not work, no sound, errors pop up, BIOS saves do not work - we offer you the most common ways to solve these problems.

First, check if your PC meets the minimum system requirements:

• OS: Win7 64-bit, Win8 / 8.1 64-bit
• Processor: Intel Core i3-530 2.93 GHz / AMD Phenom II X4 810 2.60 GHz
• Memory: 8 GB
• Video: GeForce GTX 560 or Radeon HD 6950
• HDD: 10 GB free space
• DirectX 11

Be sure to update your graphics card drivers and other software

Before remembering the worst words and expressing them in the direction of the developers, do not forget to go to the official website of the manufacturer of your video card and download the latest drivers. Often, specially optimized drivers are prepared for the release of games. You can also try installing a later version of the drivers if the problem is not resolved by installing the current version.

It is important to remember that you should only download the final versions of video cards - try not to use beta versions, as they may contain a large number of not found and not fixed errors.

Don't forget that games often require installation to run smoothly. latest version DirectX, which can always be downloaded from the official Microsoft website.

BIOS won't start

Many problems with the launch of games happen due to incorrect installation. Check if there were any errors during the installation, try uninstalling the game and running the installer again, after disabling the antivirus - files that are often needed for the game to work are deleted by mistake. It is also important to remember that on the path to the folder with installed game there should be no Cyrillic characters - use only Latin letters and numbers for catalog names.

It still does not hurt to check if there is enough space on the HDD for installation. You can try to run the game on behalf of the Administrator in compatibility mode with different versions Windows.

BIOS slows down. Low FPS. Lags. Friezes. Hangs

The first is to install fresh drivers on the video card, from this the FPS in the game can significantly increase. Also check the workload of the computer in the task manager (opened by pressing CTRL + SHIFT + ESCAPE). If, before starting the game, you see that a process is consuming too many resources, turn off its program or simply end this process from the task manager.

Next, go to the graphics settings in the game. First, turn off anti-aliasing and try lowering the post-processing settings. Many of them consume a lot of resources and turning them off will significantly increase performance without significantly affecting the picture quality.

BIOS crashes to desktop

If BIOS often crashes to the desktop, try to reduce quality of the graphics. It is possible that your computer simply lacks performance and the game may not work correctly. Also worth checking out for updates - most modern games have a system automatic installation new patches. Check if this option is disabled in the settings.

BIOS black screen

The most common black screen issue is a GPU issue. Check if your video card satisfies minimum requirements and install the latest drivers. Sometimes a black screen is due to insufficient CPU performance.

If everything is fine with the hardware and it meets the minimum requirements, try switching to another window (ALT + TAB), and then returning to the game window.

BIOS is not installed. Installation hangs

First of all, check if you have enough HDD space for installation. Remember that for correct work the installer requires the declared amount of space, plus 1-2 gigabytes of free space on the system drive. In general, remember the rule - the system disk should always have at least 2 gigabytes of free space for temporary files. Otherwise, both games and programs may not work correctly or refuse to start at all.

MaxiDisk can help you remove temporary files that clog up your PC but are not needed for Windows and other applications. It will automatically scan your PC and offer a list of files to be deleted. After its work, you will most likely free up a lot of disk space that you did not even know about.

Installation problems can also occur due to a lack of internet connection or its unstable operation. Also, do not forget to suspend the antivirus during the installation of the game - sometimes it interferes with the correct copying of files or deletes them by mistake, considering it as viruses.

Saves not working in BIOS

By analogy with the previous solution, check the availability of free space on the HDD - both on the one where the game is installed and on the system disk. Often, save files are stored in the documents folder, which is located separately from the game itself.

BIOS control not working

Sometimes in-game controls do not work due to the simultaneous connection of multiple input devices. Try disconnecting your controller, or if for some reason you have two keyboards or mice connected, leave only one pair of devices. If your controller does not work, then remember - officially only controllers that are defined as Xbox joysticks support games. If your controller is defined differently, try using programs that emulate Xbox joysticks (for example, x360ce).

BIOS sound does not work

Check if the sound works in other programs. After that, check if the sound is muted in the settings of the game itself and if the audio playback device to which your speakers or headset is connected is selected. Next, while the game is running, open the mixer and check if the sound is muted there.

If you are using an external sound card, check the manufacturer's website for new drivers.

If the BIOS crashed on your PC or laptop, then this is by no means a reason to panic, although, of course, this situation cannot be called very pleasant. Nevertheless, in many cases, you will be able to cope with such a problem on your own and restore the performance of your PC or laptop without resorting to the help of computer specialists.

Suppose that you turn on the computer and instead of the usual picture of its loading, you see some kind of text error message, after which the computer stops loading. Or else you hear indicative of a BIOS error.

The first thing to do in this case is to restart your computer. Perhaps this error is associated with a failure of the BIOS, which occurred, for example, as a result of a power surge. If this method does not help, then this means that the problem really lies in some kind of hardware malfunction associated either with the BIOS itself or with some other hardware component.

It should be borne in mind that not every error message that appears on the screen indicates a malfunction of the BIOS itself. In most cases, text error messages are displayed when there are problems with any other PC components, such as RAM, hard drives or floppy drives floppy disks... More about text messages errors are discussed in a separate article. Therefore, you should carefully read the message displayed on the screen and check the hardware component mentioned in it.

However, if you see an error message that mentions BIOS (or CMOS), then it is most likely a BIOS-related malfunction. Also, in some cases, BIOS errors may be indicated by sound signals supplied by the motherboard speaker. Information about which signals in which BIOS versions may indicate a BIOS malfunction can be obtained from the corresponding article on our website.

Solving problems with a crashed BIOS

If you encounter an error, the source of which is indeed the BIOS itself, then first of all it is worth trying to reset the BIOS to its initial settings. There is a high probability that after reset BIOS to factory default BIOS error will disappear. You can read more about how to reset BIOS settings and what you need to do in order to do this in the corresponding article on our website.

A BIOS error can often be associated with a discharged BIOS battery. Therefore, you should try to replace the battery with a new one. You can also read about where to find this battery and what you need to do to replace it in the article on our website.

But what if resetting the BIOS and replacing the battery does not help? Then you will have to resort to another method of recovering a faulty BIOS - to re-flash it. BIOS firmware is carried out using a file containing updated version BIOS. As a rule, a new version of the firmware can be downloaded from the website of your computer or motherboard manufacturer. There you can usually find instructions for the firmware itself.

As a rule, for firmware are used external media to which the update file is written. The firmware itself is performed when the PC is rebooted. There are also programs that allow you to flash BIOS from under Windows without rebooting, however, in the described case, most likely, they will not be useful to you, since, as a rule, in case of serious problems with the BIOS, the operating system cannot be loaded.

If all the methods described above did not help restore the BIOS to work, then you only have one thing to do - take the computer or motherboard with the faulty BIOS to a computer service center. Or purchase a new motherboard.

Conclusion

No computer is immune from problems associated with BIOS failure. And therefore, any user should know what to do in such a case, which is by no means pleasant. However, statistics show that incidents of physical failure BIOS chips are infrequent compared to other motherboard component failures. Therefore, methods such as resetting BIOS settings, replacement of the supply memory BIOS batteries and repeated BIOS firmware on a PC or laptop in most cases helps to solve this problem... But if none of the above methods helps, then you have no choice but to take the computer to a service center.

3 years ago

Why is it thrown into BIOS at startup?

I have an Aspie Oe netbook recently, when I turned on the computer, it began to be thrown out into the BIOS, I pressed save chages ad exit .... well, after restarting the computer normally entered Windows ... but the other day, in the middle of work, the computer flew into VSOD. .. I restarted it, when turned on, it flew into the BIOS, but at the same time there was alternately beeping and shuffling inside the computer ... it did not end ... after subsequent restarts, the computer still flew into BIOS and the beeping with shuffling continued ... Then I I dropped all changes in BIOS and when I rebooted, the computer worked fine ... with the help of Acoics I rolled the computer back to almost factory settings, but the next time I started it, it again issued the BIOS and beep with shuffling = (and stopped moving beyond the BIOS at all for any actions ... then I put Windows to boot from a USB flash drive ... and the computer loaded Windows normally ... now the computer sometimes beeps during operation ... I'm afraid to turn it off ... I'm not an expert, I haven't found such problems while searching on forums = (Please, please if anyone can tell me how with this borough tsya ... tell me ... I will be very grateful ... If possible in simple language, t I'm not really friends with computers ... Thanks in advance !!!
I returned the BIOS to the factory settings, for those who cannot read! "reset all changes in BIOS"
Delete is not clamped ... I'm certainly not very good at computers, but not that stupid =)
Bios rearranged 2 times ... like the computer is now working ... just somehow strange ... turn it on ... throws it into a black screen with a cursor ... turn it on again throws it into the BIOS ... and for the third time it only works fine. ..