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Repairing the Windows 7 bootloader without a distribution kit and creating a dual boot using the MultiBoot program

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Recovering the Windows 7 bootloader after Windows installations XP and the creation of a boot menu are detailed in Installing Windows XP on a Windows 7 computer and is easy with a Windows 7 installation disc or a Windows 7 recovery disc. However, there are situations when neither one nor the other is at hand. The program is intended to help in this case MultiBoot developed by the participants of the OsZone conference.

You can download the MultiBoot program at the OSZone software portal from this page.

Program page on OsZone-Wiki: MultiBoot.

Development history

The program is based on the idea of ​​Pavel Kravchenko to automate and present in a graphical interface (GUI) the user's work in command line- utility FixBootFull... However, the emergence operating system Windows 7 pushed to improve the utility and expand its functionality. Currently, the program covers almost all the necessary functions of the utility. bcdedit.exe, designed to work with records of operating systems, except for the function of deleting any record from the boot store (BCD) and adding a record about the second Windows 7 or Vista system to the BCD.

Program features

With this program you can:

• recover files Windows boot Vista or Windows 7 overwritten when formatting an active partition; New
• restore the bootloader Windows Vista or Windows 7, overwritten during the installation of Windows XP;
• create a dual boot configuration both after and before installing Windows XP;
• specify the operating system to boot by default;
• edit the entries of any operating system in the boot manager and determine their position in the boot menu;
• set a timeout for the menu with a choice of loading operating systems;
• export and import boot configuration data;
• display details of the download store, about boot files, layout for disks and partitions, and also save them to a text file;
• run the command line to execute commands manually;
• specify file parameters boot.ini rdisk and partition on boot errors in Windows XP. New

To facilitate the work with the program, each control element is provided with a tooltip.

Launching the program

Download the archive with the program and unpack it into a separate folder. If you booted into Windows XP, just run the program, and if in Windows 7 / Vista, run it as administrator. After starting the program:

• Gather information about Boot Data Configuration (BCD), disks and partitions, and installed Windows operating systems;
• will analyze the version of the loader file bootmgr;
• will search for Windows XP boot files, including the contents of the files boot.ini(if there are several of them).

The result of the analysis will be reflected in the field Configuration details in the tab Additionally.

The offered version includes utilities bootsect.exe, so you do not need to additionally download or copy it from installation disk Windows 7 plus utility bcdboot.exe located in the Windows \ System32 folder of the operating system Windows systems 7. You can read about the capabilities and use of the utility in the article BCDboot Command Line Parameters.

Recovery tab

Let's consider the program functions implemented using this tab.

Each control element is provided with a tooltip, which makes it easier to work with the program.

Figure 1 - The "Recovery" tab: restoring the Windows 7 bootloader and adding an entry about Windows XP to the boot menu.

Recovering a Windows Vista or Windows 7 boot loader that was overwritten during a Windows XP installation

When the checkbox is active Repair bootloaderWindows Vista / 7 on all drives the command to restore the MBR compatible with Windows 7 / Vista will be executed:

Bootsect / nt60 All

In the event that the computer has more than one hard disk, the command will be executed with the key / force.

If you are using the program as an editor for recordings in BCD, clear this checkbox.

Adding a Windows XP boot entry to the boot menu and store.

You can add an entry to boot Windows XP both before and after installation. If there is no Windows XP boot entry in the BCD, then you will see a second checkbox: Add entry to boot menu for Windows XP, and in the field Executed commands and report- a list of required commands.

Note: before adding a Windows XP boot entry to the boot store, in the combo box Select operating system there is no line about it, but the settings will be applied specifically to the created record. At this stage, you can:

• rename the created entry (by default - "Windows XP");
• set Windows XP as the default operating system (if you do not want this, uncheck the corresponding box);
• define the location of the entry in the boot menu (by default, the entry will be at the top of the list).

After clicking on the "Execute" button, the scheduled commands will be executed.

You can prepare in advance for installing Windows XP and create a boot menu. To do this, run the program in Windows 7, configure the boot menu options in the same way as described above, but since there is no need to restore the bootloader at this stage, uncheck the box Repair bootloaderWindows Vista / 7 on all drives and press the button Execute... After installing Windows XP, all you need to do is restore the Windows 7 bootloader.

Editing the entry of any operating system in the boot manager.

Multiboot allows you to edit existing boot records of operating systems. To do this, just uncheck both checkboxes on the tab Recovery over the field Editing a record... To start editing, select the required entry in the combo box Select operating system... The rest of the functions are similar to those that were applied to the Windows XP boot record being created and are not difficult:

• rename the selected entry;
• setting the selected system as bootable by default (if you do not want this, uncheck the corresponding box);
• change the location of the entry in the boot menu (at the top or bottom of the list).

Timeout setting

To do this, you need to change the value in the checkbox field Set OS selection timeout.

The control field displays the command

X: \ Windows \ System32 \ bcdedit / timeout nn

where X is the letter of the partition on which Windows 7 is located, nn is the number of seconds.

Executed commands and report field

The list of commands that you would need to execute on the command line is displayed in the box Executed commands and report... After analyzing the available BCD parameters, the program adds to the list only those commands that change the current ones. For example, if the timeout parameter is 15 seconds, it will not appear in the command list. Progress and result is visible in the field Executed commands and report... The text can be copied to the clipboard and then pasted into a notepad file or forum post.

By pressing the button Execute this will start creating or modifying the boot menu, and repairing the Windows 7 bootloader.

Recovering the boot of Windows 7 or Windows Vista after formatting an active partition

Sometimes during the installation of Windows XP, more often during the reinstallation, unsuspecting users format the active partition on which the Windows 7 boot files were located. Naturally, after installing Windows XP, the ability to boot into Windows 7 disappears. If you have an installation disc with Windows 7, startup recovery is a matter of a couple of minutes, but if there is none? MultiBoot provided with tools to solve this problem without a distribution kit. At the beginning of the article, I mentioned that the utility is used for this bcdboot.exe.

Figure 2 - “Recovery” tab: recovering Windows 7 or Windows Vista boot files after formatting the active partition.

A window to restore the ability to boot Windows 7 will appear when the program does not detect on the active partition (or partitions, if there are 2 or more hard drives) of the hidden BOOT folder. You will only have to configure the utility keys and select the active partition for BCD recovery. This function of the program is especially valuable for those who have installed Windows Vista, since the utilities bcdboot.exe Windows Vista does not.

WITH MultiBoot BCD recovery is a matter of a couple of clicks.

Advanced tab

This tab gives you the opportunity to see the data of the boot configuration and layout by disks and partitions in the field "Configuration Information".

Figure 3 - The "Advanced" tab

If you need a text file containing your boot configuration data, click the Copy or Save links. In the first case, the information is saved in the clipboard, and you can use it at your own discretion. In the second case, you will be prompted to create text file... There are two options for storing information:

The first will contain information about the entries of the operating systems that form the boot menu, which is similar to the execution of the command:

Bcdedit / enum active

The second option will contain information about all the records contained in the BCD, which is similar to the execution of the command:

Bcdedit / enum all

Data about Windows boot files, layout by disks and partitions, installed systems Windows text files boot.ini will be added anyway.

Tools area

Creation backup BCD is necessary so that in the event of an unsuccessful installation of the operating system or after experimenting with the boot menu, it is necessary to be able to return the boot to a working state. To perform BCD export click on the link Save... You will be prompted to select a storage location for the backup copy in the program folder. You can change it if you want.

If you have a previously created backup of your download data, you can restore it using the link Restore... To do this, click on it, specify the storage location for the backup file, and then click Open.

Console subsystem of the program

For help on the commands used in the MultiBoot console subsystem, run

MultiBoot /?

Figure 4 - Operation of the console subsystem of the program

To work with utilities bcdedit and bootsect you can use Multiboot, for example, to get information about BCD entries on the C: partition with output to a text file:

MultiBoot -bcdedit / store c: \ boot \ bcd> c: \ bcd_on_c.txt

or overwrite the bootloader on multiple hard drives:

MultiBoot -bootsect / nt60 all / force

Separately, I would like to dwell on the team

MultiBoot –buildbootini

This command can be used to check if file parameters are correct boot.ini especially if booting Windows XP in a dual boot configuration is not possible. As a result of the command execution, the text of the file will appear in the command line window boot.ini Restore Windows 7 boot after XP installation and create dual boot forum.

MBR (in Russian - Master Boot Record) - a specific set of data, lines of code, partition table and signatures. It is required to load the Windows operating system after turning on the computer. There are times when, as a result of various hardware and system failures, the ICBM is damaged or erased, which leads to the impossibility Windows startup... Such problems can be solved by recovering the MBR of Windows 7. This article describes several simple methods that can be used to recover the records.

A bit of theory

After turning on computer BIOS selects the storage medium from which the download will be carried out. At this stage, the device needs to know which one partition hard disk contains system Windows files... MBR is a small program that is stored in the first HDD sector and points the computer to the correct partition to start the system.

If you incorrectly install the second operating system, the partition table may become damaged and the first Windows will not start. The same thing sometimes happens when sudden shutdown electricity. If this happens, do not despair, the damaged data can be completely restored.

Restoring the boot record

In order to restore the MBR, you will need the installation disk from which you installed Windows (or any other one). If there is no disk, you can create a bootable USB flash drive with Win7. Algorithm of action:

Automatic recovery

To begin with, it is worth providing the MBR fix with standard Microsoft tools. Select Startup Repair. You do not need to do anything else, it will take some time, and the computer will report the completion of the process. Try starting Windows. If nothing happened, then you need to manually restore the ICBM.

Command line

This path requires several commands to be entered at the Windows command prompt.

• From the System Restore menu, select Command Prompt.
• Now you need to enter "bottrec / fixmbr". This command is used to write a new MBR compatible with Win 7. The command will remove non-standard parts of the code, fix the damage, but will not affect the existing partition table.
• Next enter "bootrec / fixboot". This command is used to create a new boot sector for Windows.
• Further "bootrec / nt60 sys". This command will update the MBR boot code.
• Close the console, restart your computer and try to start the system. If the problem is still not resolved, you need to enter a few more commands.
• Start the console again and enter "bootrec / Scanos" and "bootrec / rebuildbcd". Using these utilities, your computer will scan your hard drive for operating systems and then add them to the boot menu.
• Then enter "bootrec / nt60 sys" again and restart your computer.

TestDisk utility

If you do not have a bootable USB stick or disk, you can repair the damaged entry using third party program... To do this, you need to start another (working) OS. If your machine only had one Windows, you will have to connect the hard drive to another computer. Working with TestDisk is quite complex, so it is recommended that you familiarize yourself with the manuals specific to this program.

Windows 7 has become a classic home use, it is she who is installed on every second computer, despite the development of new operating systems from Microsoft. Having entered the market in 2009, the G7 still cannot get rid of the problems during the launch, which pretty much spoil the nerves of the multi-million user audience. To simplify the life of a user whose computer is running "seven", this article was written. In it, we will consider how to perform Windows recovery 7 if it does not start.

BOOTMGR is missing

The most common problem that appears during the launch of the "seven".

The reasons for its appearance may be:

• damaged sectors of hard disk or non-working SSD memory cells on which Windows 7 is installed (in most cases, you can restore them);
• spontaneous power off or PC reboot by means of the "Reset" button;
• virus activity (very rare);
• inept user handling of hard disk partitioning utilities.

There are several ways to make the error disappear. We will consider how to restore a computer using the OS itself.

• If problems occur during Windows startup 7 Press F8 to bring up a menu with a list of additional options for starting the computer.
• We select the option "Troubleshooting ...".

• Choose Russian and click "Next".
• We choose account with administrator rights.
• We click on "Startup Repair" so that the operating system tries to find and fix the problem on its own.

• If the error is not fixed, run the command line from the OS resume options window.
• We enter the commands sequentially:

"Bootrec.exe / FixMbr" - writing the MBR to the system partition;

Bootrec.exe / FixBoot - Creates a boot record on the system volume.

• We reboot and start the computer.

If, after performing the above steps, the PC still does not detect the installed Windows 7 during startup, run the bootrec.exe command from the command line with the "RebuildBcd" attribute.

It will scan all long-term storage devices installed on the computer for the presence of installed OS compatible with the "seven", and will add them to the download list.

And in the very last case, when nothing helps to restore the launch of the "seven", back up the old BCD folder, which is responsible for starting the PC, and create a new one. This is done using the following chain of commands:

"Disk boot failure" problem or message with text "Insert system disk"

The startup error is caused by one of several reasons, the essence of which is the following: the computer is trying to find a boot record on a disk that is not bootable. Factors preventing Windows 7 from starting:

• The device from which the computer starts to boot is not a system drive - try disconnecting all flash drives, phone, camera, including external hard disks, and reboot the system.
• Check BIOS settings responsible for the priority of boot devices - there is a high probability that the computer starts to boot from a disk that is not a system one. Also look in the BIOS or through one of the special utilities on which Windows 7 is installed.
• Reconnect the HDD to a different cable and power cable, perhaps the problem lies in the unreliability of the connection or damage to one of the cables, for example, due to its considerable bend.

The list of reasons can be safely attributed to the absence installed Windows 7 due to the fact that the disk with it was formatted due to the carelessness or inexperience of a novice user, and here it will help to reinstall it or restore a deleted partition.

If none of the options brought desired result, try performing OS recovery as described in previous paragraph, and also make sure the hard drive is working.

Inability to start Windows due to damaged registry files

Among other things, Windows 7 may fail to boot due to corrupted registry files.

As a result, the computer will inform the user about the problem and launch an application that allows the operating system to recover.

But the tool for automatic recovery of Windows 7 is far from always effective and, for example, in the absence of a backup copy of damaged data, the user will have to manually restore the operating system.

• We call a window with an extended list of startup parameters for Windows using F8.
• We select "Troubleshooting ...".
• Then click on the link: "System Restore".

• In the first window, click "Next".

• Select one of the created points and click "Next".

• We confirm the execution of the specified operation by clicking on the "Finish" button and wait until the OS is restored.

After a few minutes, Windows 7 recovery will complete, the computer will restart, and most likely, it will start normally.

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Hello dear readers.

Sometimes, as a result of various actions, it can happen that the computer refuses to enter the operating system. And in some cases, this is due to the disruption of an important tool. The solution is to repair the Windows 7 bootloader.

There are several main signs indicating the need to "return to life" of the corresponding element of the operating system:

Bootrec( )

There are a number of steps you need to take to get your computer back into working order. In addition, for the procedure we need setup files Windows. So we cannot cope with the corresponding data without a disk. We do the following:

This command will show all the possible parameters with which it works.

Description of Bootrec Keys( )

Commands in the environment cmd.exe can run in standard version, or with special additions. So, for example, if you write “ bootrec.exe / FixMbr", The program writes a boot record to the main partition. Moreover, the latter is compatible with Windows 7 and Vista. This will help restore the functionality of the device. In addition, this trick can be used if there is a need to remove a non-standard code in the corresponding segment. However, the existing partition table remains the same.

If the "" key is used, the program adds a new boot sector. It is also compatible with the above operating systems from Microsoft. This option is used in several cases:

The boot file has been replaced with a non-standard one.

It is damaged.

After the seventh version or Vista, the previous build was posted. For example, after installing XP, the Windows NT boot loader is used.

Interesting to know! The same effect can be achieved by using the program “ bootsect.exe". It is also on disk. To do this, we prescribe “ bootsect / NT60 SYS". A boot sector appears that is compatible with "". For detailed information you need to run the utility with the key " / help».

When writing " bootrec.exe / ScanOs”, The application scans all available disks for OS 7 and Vista. As a result, users receive a list of all found systems, even those that are not registered in the data store, regarding the download.

Using the key " / RebuildBcd"Will start scanning all disks for the location of installed operating systems. A list is made from which they can be added to the repository. In addition, this command will allow you to rebuild the base. True, before this, you must definitely delete the past data.

The above utility has wide functionality. However, it will not help if the system startup file is missing. In this case, you must resort to another tool.

It is worth noting that it works in automatic mode... That is, users only need to get to certain tools, write a command and everything will be done on their own - there is no need to do something during the process itself.

BCDboot( )

This tool is designed to create or repair a bootloader located in the main partition. The program also allows you to transfer files between hard drives. Even if the system is not visible on the latter.

To get started, just write “ bcdboot.exe C: \ windows". The operation recovers corrupted data, including the vault files.

The process has several parameters:

Source - the location of the directory where the Windows distribution is located. In our case, this is a plastic disk or USB flash drive. This parameter is required. The rest are indicated as necessary.

« / I"- sets the language of the environment. Unless changed, English is used.

« / s"- indicates the letter of the drive where the required files... By default, this is the location that is set by the BIOS or the new system - UEFI.

« / v"- the detailed work accounting mode is started.

« / m»- merging the parameters of the existing record and the newly created one. All of this is written to a new boot area.

Coming back after using Linux( )

It is worth imagining a situation where you previously had an operating system from Microsoft. And after Linux installations the first one suddenly stopped starting. This happened as a result of some mistakes.

If your Windows doesn't work after installing Ubuntu, don't panic right away. The problem can be solved simply.

dd if = / dev / sda2 of = / linux.boot bs = 512 count = 1

The code above allows you to copy the boot sector from the " sda2"In linux.boot.

It should be noted that in this operating system, the root element “ / ". If this is not the case in your personal situation, first you need to find out which of the existing areas is bootable.

The entry has been copied to the user's folder. Therefore, we go to the appropriate directory and transfer the file to the section where Windows is already installed.

As a result, “ Command line", In which we write only two lines and after each press" Enter»:
Bootrec.exe / FixMbr
Bootrec.exe / FixBoot
After that, we restart the device and see how everything works in our OS.

Quite often users personal computer are facing the problem of booting Windows. When you start a computer running the Windows 7 operating system, the following message appears on a black screen:

This issue is related to boot record MBR which is located on your hard drive. At startup, the system cannot find the MBR boot record, which is why this message is displayed. Where could this boot record go, you ask? There are several answers to this question. The most likely one is virus attack, at which your bootloader crashed, or even completely erased. The second reason could be system failure... For example, while the computer was running, the power went out. In this case, the files stored on the HDD or SDD, which are responsible for loading the operating system, may be damaged.

Repairing the windows 7 bootloader using an installation disk or flash drive

At the very beginning, we need a DVD with a licensed Windows version 7. This disk contains all the necessary tools that will help us restore the Windows 7 bootloader. What to do if your PC does not have a reader optical discs... In this case, a bootable flash drive with Windows 7 will help you. Microsoft has released a proprietary program " Windows USB / DVD Download Tool", With which you can create an installation USB flash drive. To create a bootable USB drive, you will need ISO image licensed Windows 7 and a 4 GB flash drive.

If you have prepared a bootable USB stick or an installation disk, then you can proceed to restore the bootloader. In our case, the bootable media is a flash drive. The computer used to repair the bootloader includes motherboard MSI A55M-E33 which has UEFI BIOS support. To boot from a USB flash drive, you must press the F11 key at system startup. After pressing the key, the boot menu will open, in which you must select a bootable USB flash drive. You can do the same if you boot from a DVD drive.

After booting from the USB flash drive, after a while the start installation window will appear.

In this window, we should select the item " System Restore", After which we will be taken to the" "menu.

Next, we will use the simplest system recovery option and select the item " Launch recovery". After that, troubleshooting and recovery of the Windows 7 bootloader will begin. If the boot record is successfully restored, you will see the bootloader window, in which your restored OS will be, as in the figure below.

Pressing the Enter button will boot the OS as before.

The above method does not always work. For those who failed to restore the bootloader using the above method, you should use the command line. To do this, in the menu " System recovery options"Select the item" Command line».

Now you should run this command: bootrec / fixmbr from the command line.

By executing this command, there will be overwrite the MBR boot sector... But there are times when malware can completely overwrite the bootloader and the rewrite command will not help... If you have such a case, then use the bootrec / fixboot command in the command line, which will register a new bootloader on your system.

To see all the commands you can do with the bootloader, type bootrec at the command line.

As you can see, if the MBR record has flown, then restoring the Windows 7 bootloader is a fairly simple task that most PC users will figure out.

Prevent MBR Boot Record Erasure

Having successfully restored your bootloader, the next step is to ensure that it is secure so that the overwrite situation will no longer occur.

Most often, viruses and various malware are the main culprit in erasing bootloader files. Therefore, you should install antivirus software.

The best comprehensive antivirus products are:

• Bitdefender Internet Security;
• Kaspersky Internet Security
• ESET Smart Security;
• AVG Internet Security;
• Outpost Security Suite Pro.

Comprehensive antivirus products due to their modular structure, they are superior to conventional antivirus. Judge for yourself, by installing a comprehensive anti-virus package, you will receive:

• Antivirus;
• Firewall;
• Proactive defense.

The main purpose of an antivirus is to search and neutralize malware... At that time for the firewall and projective protection, the main task is to protect against network intrusions and new types of threats... That is, to put it simply, a firewall and proactive protection prevent malware from entering your computer.

We figured out antivirus protection, now let's figure it out with preventing file corruption bootloader in case of a sudden power outage. So that the computer does not turn off while the light is turned off, it must be connected to uninterruptible power supply... All uninterruptible power supplies have a battery that keeps the computer running after a power outage. The most high-quality uninterruptible power supplies are models of such companies:

• LogicPower;
• Powercom;
• PrologiX.

Choosing high-quality uninterruptible power supplies, you protect the Windows 7 bootloader from being overwritten, and also extend the life cycle of HDD and SDD disks.

In conclusion, I would like to say that if a high-quality new one is installed on your PC HDD, good antivirus and the power of the computer will pass through a high-quality UPS, then you will not have a problem with the bootloader.

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