How to connect your phone to the box. How to connect a home phone: step by step instructions. Using twisted pairs of Internet cable for a telephone line

Telephone socket - a device by which the telephone is connected to a line or its separate direction. The device allows you to turn off the device and quickly connect it to the network in another room. There are different types, each of which has its own characteristics, and not only external, but also in terms of installation.

Structure and classification system

Any socket for a telephone consists of the following parts:

Frame. Made from dielectric materials, usually plastic or ceramic.
Spring loaded contacts. Metal is used for their manufacture. The contacts allow electrical current through the telephone wires and plug to pass into the telephone.
Clamps. Used to connect the wire to the network.

Connecting telephone sockets is carried out in two ways - overhead (wall, open) and hidden. In the first case, the wiring is located on the surface, and the socket is installed directly on the wall. In the second way, the socket is mounted in a special socket box, which, together with the wires, is hidden in the wall under the plaster.

Basic standards

With the development of technology, outdated sockets are being replaced by new ones. More and more consumers are changing the RTShK-4 to a modern RJ-11 socket, the latter is considered universal. Its connector is the same as for other species, the difference lies in the number of wires running in the cable.

There are 5 standards for telephone sockets:

RTShK-4. Now it is practically not used. Consists of a body and 4 contacts. The fork has 4 plates made of metal. There is a plastic pin in the center, which provides rigidity to the connection.
RJ-11 and RJ-12. These connectors are the most common. Used to connect different types of phones. They can have 2, 4, 6 contacts. Suitable for home use.

RJ-14. The sockets are intended for installation in offices where you need to connect a telephone-fax machine, modems for the Internet and similar devices. Sometimes the design has 4 pins connected to four-wire wires. This makes it possible to use two different lines at the same time.
RJ-25. Similar to the previous species, it is found in office buildings. 6 connectors are used to connect local networks, modems, faxes and other necessary equipment.
The last standard is called combined. By design, the socket is a combination of RTShK-4 and RJ-11.

Note! There is one more standard not included in the list - RJ-45. Used to connect complex circuits in laptops, modems, etc.

Diagrams and connection methods

The specifics of connecting telephone cables vary depending on the type of sockets. For example, the installation and connection of the most common of them - RJ-11 and RJ-12 - have several nuances:

In the design of the socket, there are 2 and 4 contacts, which are small in size. In the center, there must be a deepening for the cores of the supply cable.
Phones are connected to two center contacts.
To deepen the veins, you will need a cross-cutter. If it is not there, you should use the usual one.

Before straightening the wires, you must strip the wire about 4 cm.
During concealed installation, experts advise using a KSPV cable with a copper core. In this case, the TRP cable is not suitable - it is better to use it as a distributor.

Preparatory work

Before installing or replacing the telephone socket, you need to prepare tools and materials:

a screwdriver with a handle covered with insulating material;
socket box;
cable - useful if you need to install a new outlet, and not just replace the old one;
puncher;
directly the outlet;
several self-tapping screws;
nippers;
insulating tape;
multimeter;
gloves for hand protection;
Double-sided tape;
pencil and bright marker.

The set of tools may vary depending on the installation method.

Step-by-step instruction

An open installation action plan looks something like this:

Protect your hands by wearing rubber gloves. This is important: the voltage in the network sometimes reaches 110 - 120V.
Using a side cutter, remove the insulating layer from the wire by about 4 cm. You need to act carefully, taking care not to damage the conductors.
Using a multimeter, determine the polarity of the contacts. Although it is believed that it is not necessary to follow the rules of polarity.
Connect the contacts to the conductors.

Connect the cable cores. Secure with special screws.
In designs with 4 contacts, use the center 2 when connecting.
Secure the outlet to the wall using tape. For greater reliability of fastening, it is better to take self-tapping screws.
Put on the lid.

Connecting a hidden socket has no fundamental differences. But it has some peculiarities:

Immediately mark the wiring and the location of the outlet on the wall.
Using a puncher, make a hole for the socket. You will need self-tapping screws to secure it.
The structure is fixed in the socket with spacer screws.
After finishing the installation, connect the electricity. If done correctly, the outlet will work.

Devices are available as double or single. Dual telephones are usually installed in offices - provided that there is a need to use two phones at the same time. They are connected in the same way.

Following simple tips from experts will help prevent mistakes in installation:

It is better to use flush-mounted devices. They fit into the interior more harmoniously than others. But to install them, you will have to break the integrity of the walls and wall covering.
In the selection process, it is recommended to pay attention to exclusively proven firms with a good reputation. This is a guarantee of safety and reliability.
Most outlets are numbered. If there is no marking, you should look at the colors. Green, orange or blue contacts in combination with white are positive, contacts of the same color, but without white, are negative.
During the installation of products of the old standard, it will not be superfluous to remember about the color design of the contacts: orange, black and green - positive, red, yellow, blue - negative.

The types of sockets for connecting a telephone differ in design, installation method and other parameters. If you follow the instructions, it will be easy to install these devices.

How do I connect my home phone?

Despite the fact that mobile phones are very popular today, landline phones also do not lose their relevance. There is a simple explanation for this - a stationary device has a number of unique advantages: it does not run out of battery, and calls to other cities and countries are much cheaper.

In this article, we will show you how to connect your home phone yourself.

How to connect your home phone correctly

In order to connect or else, you can contact the specialists or do the connection yourself. To do this, you need to make a minimum of effort - choose the model of the device you like and connect it to the network.

Telephone socket and plug

To connect a stationary device it is necessary. The telephone socket is needed in order to transfer the telephone cable wires that go from the PBX to the RJ-11 interface. RJ-11 is a socket of a new type, in old houses there were sockets of the RTShK-4 type. A wired telephone is connected to such an outlet using a plug.

The telephone plug is a box made of plastic. It has two parts - two halves, in one of which four flat contacts are inserted. A telephone cord is attached to them with screws.

The plug and socket have only one function - they are needed for convenient phone connection and ease of use. Communication is carried out by connecting two wires stretched into the apartment, and a cord coming from the telephone.

Connecting to a telephone socket

Let's consider the connection of the device using the example of a modern RJ-11 socket. The home telephone connects directly to the telephone wall jack via a cable with RJ-11 connectors at the end. One connector is inserted into the telephone jack and the other into the telephone jack. Inside the socket, the wires are wound on screws to which the terminals from the connector are connected.

Phone connection types

It is important to take into account that simple telephones have a two-wire connection type that comes from the PBX. But there are telephones with a four-wire connection type. In this case, to connect the phone, you need the same two wires that represent the two center channels. Most often, these wires can be recognized by their color - these are red and green wires. If the telephone is connected without using a telephone jack, these are the wires that must be used. In this case, it does not matter with what polarity these wires are connected: the device will work in any case.

Installing a landline phone

As a rule, you can install a home telephone in any room of an apartment or house. To do this, you just need to run the telephone cable to the desired location. The most convenient option is considered to be kits, which include a landline telephone and an associated radio handset. The advantage of a radio handset is that it can be used to answer calls in any part of the apartment and move around during a conversation.

To connect a landline telephone to the line, you need a working line from the PBX and the ability to connect a telephone to it. Phones are connected to the line using telephone sockets.

There are several standards for such sockets, they are used for different purposes: connecting one or more phones, creating leased lines. In apartments, the most often used socket is the RJ 11 standard. How can I connect a telephone socket of this standard myself?

Equipment types

With the development of technology, telephones are being improved, but in general, the principle of their operation remains unchanged. To connect them to the communication line, they still use special sockets.

In Russia, from the 80s and until recently, a single standard was used - RTShK-4. Earlier, wires were connected by simply twisting them together. Now there are several standards.

The development of microprocessor technologies has led to the replacement of sockets of the RTShK-4 type with others - with the RJ marking. With their help, you can connect up to four telephones to the line. The abbreviation RJ stands for Registered Jack. With this designation, there are several standards for telephone sockets:

RJ 9 - connector that connects the handset to a landline telephone,
RJ 11 - it is he who is most often used in residential buildings and apartments, the first standard adopted in the United States, also called the "euro-socket", has two contacts and connects one telephone,
RJ 14 - often used in office premises, has contacts and 4 wires, is convenient for connecting additional lines - you can connect two phones with a separate line, in apartments it is rarely used to connect a phone,
RJ 25 is a model with three pairs of contacts, it is difficult to connect it with your own hands, it is better to entrust this work to specialists.
RJ 45 is a device with 4 pairs of contacts, with its help they connect computer and telephone networks or connect a telephone to a line.

There are also combined versions of RTShK-4 and RJ 11 with both types of connectors. Such devices are used to connect computer and telephone networks. In addition, they can be used to connect devices with old and new plugs to the network.

There are also RJ 12 sockets, but they are not standard, this is how Legrand products are designated - RJ11 or RJ 25. Devices of the TAE type are used to connect German and French telephones to the line.

Installation methods

Telephone sockets can be mounted in an open or closed way. The open method means that all the decoration on the wall is preserved, the equipment is attached directly to the wallpaper or paint.

In this case, the wires are tucked into a cable channel located in the baseboard or on the wall. You can find cable channels of different colors and sizes, skirting boards with a cable channel inside. Models with snap-on covers are convenient. There are also skirting boards with built-in sockets. When buying them, choose the ones with the bezel adhering well to the base, otherwise it will lag behind over time.

Sometimes devices are not mounted on the wall, but on the floor. When connected in an open way, they can even be glued onto double-sided tape.

If the telephone socket is connected in a closed (hidden) way, the wires are laid in the channel before the socket is installed in the socket. Sometimes the wires are laid in the wall and the socket is installed outside. Most often they use a single-core KPSV copper cable in a white polyethylene sheath or also a single-pair copper TRP cable.

Most often, telephone sockets are not mounted separately, but as part of an outlet block, for example, together with an electrical outlet and a switch, as in the photo.

Advice! To disguise the structure, place them behind furniture facades or behind monitors and televisions.

Telephone socket device

The telephone socket consists of several basic elements:

housings made of dielectric (non-conductive) material - ceramics or plastic,
contacts - spring-loaded brass parts, which are needed for reliable connection of conductive parts and uninterrupted current flow,
terminals - adapters for connecting cables.

The contact sockets of the device are recessed into the body. This arrangement prevents accidental short circuits.

Telephone sockets can be single or multi-plug. Single-socket models allow you to connect one telephone set, multi-socket - several. The RJ 11 socket is a single-plug socket, with its help only one telephone can be connected.

RJ 11 connection

RJ 11 has two wires, so it's easy to do it yourself at home. To do this, you will need to connect the two ends of the wire with specific contacts in the socket, so that they are in a mirror image in the plug and in the socket. For installation you need:

twin-core cables 0.3-0.5 mm thick,
screwdrivers - flat or Phillips, depending on the type of screws, with an insulated handle,
drill,
stripping tool,
tester,
a tool for crimping contacts - you can not use it, but crimp the contact plates with a screwdriver, but then the plug will not look so neat.

The video shows how to properly connect a telephone socket to the line.

Important! Work on connecting the outlet must be carried out with rubber or latex gloves. The voltage in the low-current network reaches 60 V, decreasing to 12 V when the phone is picked up. If they try to call the phone, a voltage of 120 V will appear in the wires, that is, it can shock. With this tension, it is not dangerous, but unpleasant.

First of all, you need to turn off the electricity. Next, it is necessary to clean the insulation from the wires. This is done with side cutters, pliers, or a regular knife. It is necessary to release the wires from the insulation carefully so as not to damage the very core of the telephone cable, otherwise it may break in the future.

Do not burn the insulation and then peel it off with your fingers. Hot plastic can burn you, in addition, with this method, the insulation is difficult to remove accurately. You need to strip the wires at a distance of 4 cm from the end.

It is advisable to strip the wires with a margin: they are thin and fragile, they are easy to damage. The excess part, if it remains, can be easily hidden under the socket housing. With a closed installation, for convenience, the wires are made protruding from the wall surface by 5-8 cm.

Next, using a tester, check the polarity of the wires. Typically, in telephone jacks, the red wire is positive and the green wire is negative. But it is better to check the polarity, since it is not known how the wires were located before. If it is not possible to use the tester, then connect the cables according to the diagram that is attached to the device.

To check if the line is working, you need a voltmeter (multimeter). The line voltage should be 40-60 V.

After that, the wires are connected to the outlet according to the diagram. To do this, you need a screwdriver - the wires are inserted into the connectors and the screws are tightened, clamping them well.

If you need to install the outlet in a closed way, then first markings are applied to the wall, showing where the device will be located. Then, according to the marking, holes are made using a perforator and the structure is fixed with self-tapping screws. A protective casing is installed on top. At the end, the device is also tested.

If you are mounting a new point and there is no place for the sockets on the wall, then first a recess is made for them - a socket. It is drilled with a special crown-bit on a perforator with a diameter of 6-7 cm. Also, using a perforator, channels for laying wires are channeled. If you don't have a hammer drill, you can do it with a hammer and chisel. But such work is much longer and laborious.

After that, install the device in the socket, making sure that the cables do not intertwine. Then the socket is secured with self-tapping screws and spacer screws. The gaps between the socket and the wall are covered with plaster mortar.

When the solution hardens, install the protective edging and front panel. The protective edging in modern models is attached with latches, and the front panel is fixed with screws.

Connection diagrams

Telephone sockets will be connected according to certain schemes. Their wires are marked with color or numbers, there are different options, but the telephone socket connection diagram is usually attached to the device.

Usually polarity is not that important, but some devices may not work correctly if not respected. The connection diagram is shown in the figure.

Twisted pair conductors are also marked according to different standards, which are shown in the tables. There are old, new and German schemes.

New labeling
Contact number		Polarity



	blue-white

Old scheme
Contact number			Polarity

German scheme
Contact number		Polarity



	Brown

In order to properly connect the phone and get a well-working line, you need to take into account some recommendations.

Most often, an internal (hidden) outlet is installed. It fits well into any interior, but it is more difficult to install it, in addition, it can damage the decorative wall decoration. Open-type sockets are easy to maintain, install and dismantle, during their installation the finish does not deteriorate, but they do not look very aesthetically pleasing.
Preference should be given to products from well-known manufacturers. These include firms Legrand and Vico.
If the outlet does not come with a wire marking diagram, you can use the tables above. In the new marking, the positive wire of the RJ 11 socket has the same color as the negative one, but with the addition of white. In the old scheme, positive is green and negative is red. In German, negative is white and positive is brown.

Installation of other types of devices

The RJ 11 socket can be replaced with the RJ 25 model. This is undesirable, but if you accidentally bought the 6-pin version, use only 3 and 4 to connect. They are marked the same as the two pins of the RJ 11 model.

A universal socket (RTShK-4 + RJ-11) is suitable for old standard telephones. You can also use an adapter from the old standard to the new one.

Conclusion

Using the diagrams and recommendations given in the article, you can independently install a telephone socket of a new standard and connect a telephone to the line. Connecting a device with two contacts is not difficult, the main thing is to choose models from well-known manufacturers when buying, and when connecting the outlet, carry out the work carefully and observe the polarity.

It is easier to connect a telephone socket with your own hands than an electrical one. And most importantly, it is safer, because there is a voltage value that is safe for a person in the outlet. But at the same time, keep in mind that when you call the subscriber, a voltage of 120 volts is supplied to the line - while it hits decently on the hands.

To connect a telephone line, use only 2 wires of small cross-section. There is absolutely no difficulty in connecting a phone with your own hands. You will learn how to do this or connect several telephone sockets later in this article. If, after the correct connection, the phone does not work, which is unlikely, then it is necessary to swap the wires.

You can install any number of telephone sockets in your house or apartment.- they are all connected to the line in parallel, that is, one wire is connected to the first contact and from there goes to the first contact of the next socket. The second wire comes to another contact of the socket and leaves it as well, but only to the second contact of the next one.

The overhead telephone socket can be disassembled quite simply- we unscrew the bolt or pry the latches with a screwdriver, in specially marked places. The internal socket is installed in a junction box or block in a completely similar way to the electrical software.

Telephone socket connection diagram

If you have an old telephone, then buy a universal telephone socket in which both a modern connector and an old 4-pin connector with a fifth plastic tongue are installed. Connecting an old-style socket is very simple - 2 wires sit on the right contacts relative to the plastic tongue, which will be located at the bottom. But at the same time it is necessary to make sure that the wires in the plug from the telephone set are connected mirrored to the same contacts as in the socket.

Today there are 3 modern telephone types of connectors in use. and, accordingly, 3 types of telephone sockets:

Any type of socket A telephone cable with any type of RJ11, RJ14 or RJ25 connector can be included. They are the same in size and differ only in the number of contacts.

Consider, that according to the generally accepted color coding scheme, to connect one line in the overhead socket, those contacts are used, from which red and green wires go to the connector.

To connect a telephone socket a two-core wire is used in a house or apartment. The telephone socket in offices can be connected either with a six-, four- or two-core flat telephone cable, or with a twisted pair cable (for a computer network).

Features of connecting a telephone socket Legrand

When installing the Legrand telephone socket, there is no need to strip the wires, thanks to the built-in self-cleaning mechanism. The cable is connected by turning the contact mechanism by a quarter of a turn, as shown in the figure.