How to make a mobile with your own hands. We make a mobile phone from scratch. Creation of mobile phones

Due to the constant decline in the cost of cell phones and the regular appearance of new models, almost everyone can find several unused cell phones of varying degrees of obsolescence. If the phone, although outdated, is quite functional, then some kind of remote notification system can be made from it, for example, a GSM alarm system or a GSM microphone. It's another matter if you got the device incomplete or even in the form of wreckage.

It seems that nothing useful can be extracted from such a device, but this is not the case. Naturally, it is absolutely not rational to remove SMD elements for reuse. But any cellular telephone has a vibration motor.

Vibration motor

You can use a vibration motor in different ways, in the simplest case it can become the main part of the simplest vibro-robot. The basis of such a robot is a foil-coated fiberglass board, approximately 40 x 10 mm in size.

Two holes are made in the board, one for installing the battery, the other for the eccentric of the vibration motor. In fact, the board consists of two supply conductors from the power supply to the terminals of the vibration motor.

On the lower side, the “legs” made of some elastic material, for example, foamed polymer (polyurethane foam, microporous rubber, etc.), are glued to the “body” of the robot.

The vibration motor is fixed with epoxy plasticine.

The contacts for the battery are made of brass foil.

Thus, we get the simplest design, which, due to the unequal height of its supports, irregularities and the slope of the surface, will write out intricate trajectories. However, the vibrobot can be complicated, for example, made to follow a line.

LCD screen

In addition to the vibration motor, an LCD screen can be used. Tracking down the technical documentation for this particular screen can be difficult. But due to the peculiarities of the physics of work, any liquid crystal screen has films that polarize light.

Light polarization is a phenomenon that proves that electromagnetic (and, as a special case, light) waves are transverse, that is, the vectors characterizing the electric and magnetic components of an electromagnetic wave are always directed perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. An example of mechanical shear waves is waves on the surface of water, where the liquid vibrates up and down, while the wave propagates horizontally. Without going into the physics of wave phenomena, I will simply note that in addition to transverse waves, there are longitudinal ones, an example of which can be sound waves. In longitudinal waves, particles vibrate along the direction of wave propagation. However, you can read about all this in a good physics textbook, or at least here.

Now it is important for us that the coating of the liquid crystal screen can polarize light, i.e. from all possible electromagnetic oscillations to choose only waves oriented in a certain way. Thus, the polarizer immediately attenuates natural light by half.

After passing through the polarizer, only waves that oscillate in a certain plane remain in the light beam. Now, if you place another polarizing film (called the analyzer) in the path of the light beam, then by changing the mutual orientation of the polarizer and the analyzer, you can smoothly change the brightness of the light beam. In the last photo, the light source is not completely extinguished, which indicates incomplete polarization of the light. The laser beam is initially completely polarized, so no analyzer is needed to change its brightness. As for the practical application of this phenomenon, they are quite diverse. For example, reflected light is almost always partially polarized, so glasses with polarizers or a polarizing filter on a camera lens greatly reduce glare.

Literature

http://radiokot.ru/articles/68/
http://elwo.ru/publ/skhemy_okhrannykh_ustrojstv/okhrannaja_signalizacija_gsm_svoimi_rukami/18-1-0-427
http: // website / publ / mobilniki / okhrannaja_signalizacija_s_mobilnym_telefonom / 19-1-0-437
http://elwo.ru/publ/skhemy_okhrannykh_ustrojstv/okhranno_pozharnaja_signalizacija/18-1-0-455
http: // site / publ / mobilniki / gsm_proslushka / 19-1-0-177
http: // site / publ / mobilniki / mobilnyj_zhuchek / 19-1-0-322
Mamichev D. Vibrokhod. Radio Magazine No. 6 2013 p.49
Mamichev D. Vibro walk along the line. Radio Magazine No. 11 2013 p.49-50
Dmitriev A.S. The laws of physics in everyday life. M .: Book house "LIBROKOM", 2013. - 244 p.
Elementary physics course: Textbook. Benefit. In 3 volumes / Ed. acad. GS Landsberg: T. 3. Oscillations and waves. Optics. Atomic and nuclear physics. - 13th ed. - M .: FIZMATLIT, 2006 .-- P. 367 - 372.
https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave_Polarization

The material was prepared specifically for the site. If you have any additions, write to the conference. Denev

Discuss the article WHAT CAN BE DONE FROM OLD PHONES

Everyone who cares about their appearance, be it a man or a woman, is attentive to the choice of clothes, shoes, accessories. After all, the external appearance of a person should express his inner world, reflect the individual traits of character. But sometimes, thinking over his outfit in small details, a person completely forgets about a mobile phone. And, meanwhile, the phone is no less significant component of the image than, for example, a briefcase or a handbag.

Today, the main goal of mobile phone manufacturers is their technical equipment. Webcam, Wi-Fi, biorhythm calculator - what functions modern cell phones lack. However, in pursuit of technical characteristics many manufacturers neglect to develop original designs. As a result, mobile phones of different people are exactly the same, and sometimes appearance can bring dissonance to a well-thought-out image of a person. Anyone who strives to be truly stylish should not forget about the design of their mobile phone. Today, there are several basic possibilities for personalizing an ordinary cell phone. The use of special paints for plastic allows you to decorate the case with stylish ornaments, pasted rhinestones will make the phone sparkle, an original keychain will make it attractive, and Flash Lite screensavers will be able to "revive". Trying to decorate mobile phone, it is important to observe the measure. Using all possible techniques for decorating can turn the phone into a kind of "monster". For example, a phone decorated with a solid pink ornament, a scattering of rhinestones, an attention-grabbing keyring will help create an image of a blonde from jokes, which is not acceptable to anyone. When decorating your phone in order to make it individual, it is recommended to choose one (maximum two) decoration method. It can be an exquisite ornament or a string of rhinestones, a pretty drawing or a stylish pendant. The final choice is always with the owner. But in vain, many people consider only the body of a mobile phone worthy of jewelry. Almost all modern models can boast big screen, sometimes occupying more than half of the body. An original screen design can be its best decoration. The choice of themes offered by phone manufacturers is rather scarce. Therefore, it would be preferable for those who want to stand out to make a theme for the phone on their own. You can create a custom theme using the online theme builder. Anyone can create a suitable theme for themselves, because the style of its design entirely depends on the tastes of the creator. Pictures of relatives and loved ones, funny pictures, posters of singers and actors, picturesque landscapes, reproductions of famous paintings and much, much more can be selected as screensavers. Themes for phones can be static or animated, can include original indicators, watches with unusual dials. When creating a theme, you can provide for a change of screensavers depending on the time of day or time of year, you can please yourself with a greeting card on your birthday or other holiday. In an effort to look stylish, no detail should be overlooked, including the mobile phone. Like other accessories, a properly designed cell phone can emphasize the style of its owner and become one of the ways to express his individuality. And what part of the phone needs to be decorated - whether it will be a case or a screen - it is up to the owner to decide.

The circuit is not without flaws, and mostly uses what I had "at hand". Of course, such a solution is not suitable for serial production, but it is quite suitable for experiments. We will not dwell here on the operation of this circuit and on the calculations of the denominations, since they are elementary and are described in detail in the documentation for the corresponding microcircuits.
So, we assemble the circuit on a breadboard (Fig. 3) and carry out load tests, while controlling the temperature of the fuel elements. The tests were passed successfully.
If you are going to use only the GSM module, without other nodes, then the + 5V and 3.3V sources are not needed.

Fig. 3. Power supply board

Keyboard board

The layout of the keyboard board is taken practically unchanged from the documentation for the module. However, after it was built, it turned out that a number of buttons are not supported by this version of the module. In principle, it is possible not to connect the keyboard to the module at all, all actions with the module can be performed using AT commands via UART.
The keyboard layout is shown in Fig. 4. Diodes are used to protect the module from static voltage.

Fig. 5. Keyboard board

GSM module board

Moving on to the main board.
Since the device is assembled on a breadboard, I decided to use not the Quectel M10 module, which is soldered on the board, but its "derivative", the module with the M10-TE-A module, which has an IDC connector with a contact pitch of 1.27mm (double-row socket). The antenna is connected to a special small connector (GSC) via a GSC-SMA adapter. In a serial device, on a normal board, of course, it makes sense to use a regular M10 module. Please note that the M10 and M10-TE-A have different pin numbering, so the circuit will also need to be adjusted.

So, the board diagram:

And the board itself:

Fig. 7. GSM board

The circuit contains a module, a SIM card holder, a headset connector, a keyboard connector and a pair of microcircuits: an RS-232 interface and an auxiliary microcircuit for connecting a piezo emitter and an LED to the module. There are no special circuitry delights here, almost everything is taken from the documentation for the module.
A couple more words about connecting the keyboard. Since rows ROW3, ROW4 and column COL4 are not used by the module, I decided to use them for the buttons to turn the module on and off.
The phone does not have a display either. Although the module has leads for direct connection display, it still cannot be connected, since this function (like many others) is disabled for modules that go on sale.
A supercapacitor is used to power the real-time clock (a 1F capacitor, a large round piece on the board). If the clock is not needed, it can be omitted.

Assembly

So, it's time to build our constructor:

Rice. 8. Everything is ready for assembly

Rice. 9. Telephone assembly

Now you can insert a SIM card, connect power, connect your phone to a computer via a COM port and start examining AT commands.

A few words about the budget.

Budget

Quectel M10-TE-A Module RUB 665.64
Antenna 120 r.
SIM card holder SCV-W2523X-06-LF 21,80r
Adapter cable GSC-SMA - 161.86 rubles.

The rest of the components were found within a radius of three meters.

In conclusion of the first part

The next part will discuss the AT commands supported by the module.

Links

Unfortunately, the manufacturer's website is far from full information about the module. Most of the pdf files are not publicly available, however, you can find some of them on the net. I took the trouble to collect these files and

Today we will make a completely working, albeit quite simple in terms of functionality, mobile phone.

Here is a list of those functions that our phone will support:

- Receive and make calls
- Receive and send SMS
- Keep a notebook
- Show time
- Wake up at a specified time

Why am I doing this project? Partly because it's fun, and partly because, although phones have become ubiquitous over the past 10-15 years, a very small percentage of people guess and understand how they work and how they work. On the surface, they seem complicated, but in fact they are assembled in the same way as an electric kettle or microwave oven. And since phones are ubiquitous and popular, the world is full of companies that produce the parts we need.

After spending a couple in the evening at the computer, I came across places where I could buy all the elements for quite low prices in small quantities, and no additional equipment was needed to assemble them, only yours, hopefully skillful hands. I may have simplified something, and of course I will have to make a little effort to assemble the phone, but trust me, assembling it is much easier than getting a degree in physics.

Over the past year, I have collected several versions of such a phone, and used them as my main device. Plus, I did classes with other electronics enthusiasts, where we also collected different variations of this phone. You do not need to have any special knowledge in electronics, but the ability to configure software, solder small components, have skills in laser cutting - all this will come in handy. Although if you haven't done this before, try it anyway, but be prepared for what will be a little more difficult. Although, nevertheless, I would advise you to start the project only if you already have skills in soldering and working with things from Arduino, or you can find someone with experience.

Step 1: Materials and accessories

Well, it seems the device for dialer to the moon is ready :)

Join the club

learn about the most interesting instructions once a week, share yours and participate in the sweepstakes!