Intel core i5 4590 benchmarks. ⇡ Chipsets of the ninth series

Intel appears to have decided to deviate from its Tick-Tock strategy this year, with a process change at Tick and a microarchitecture at Tock. New processor family Intel Haswell Refresh falls out of this concept as they are built on the same 22nm technology as Intel's Haswell models and use a similar microarchitecture. The only difference is the slightly increased clock speeds. In fact, Intel Haswell Refresh processors are the same Intel Haswell processors only with a new stepping. Therefore, so far about no new generation of CPU Intel Core the speech, of course, is not. In fact, we just got the extension lineup solutions for the Socket LGA1150 platform. Not so long ago, AMD did the same trick with AMD Richland APUs, which were optimized versions of AMD Trinity APUs.

However, unlike its competitor, Intel approached the issue of updating the processor line on a much larger scale. More than 40 new models were immediately announced: 27 of them for desktop configurations and another 17 for mobile solutions. First of all, we are interested in desktop versions. Their brief specification and recommended cost are given below:

Model	Number of cores / threads	Clock frequency, GHz	L3 cache size, MB	TDP, W	Price, dol. USA

As you can see from the table, all CPU categories, from budget Intel Celeron to top-end Intel Core i7, have received several new models. It is assumed that for some time they will exist on the market in parallel with the existing Intel Haswell processors, and then gradually they will be replaced. Hopefully, this process will not negatively impact the cost of the CPU in the end.

Attentive readers will probably have noticed that there are no solutions with an unlocked multiplier in the list of new products. And this is not a mistake, but a well-thought-out marketing move on the part of the manufacturer. Optimized models with a free multiplier (in the generation of Intel Haswell are designated by the index "K") will appear on the market, but only a little later and in the form of a separate family called Intel Devil's Canyon. stated that the optimization of overclocking versions of the CPU will affect not only the frequency formula, but also the thermal interface. After all, it was he who caused criticism from many enthusiasts, since it limited the possibilities of overclocking processors. As for Intel Haswell Refresh solutions, nothing has changed here, and between the cover and the crystal is still using thermal grease.

The new items are fully compatible with the Socket LGA1150 platform and motherboards equipped with Intel 9th ​​and 8th series chipsets. In the latter case, you just have to update the BIOS.

There is no need to describe in detail the features of the Intel Haswell Refresh microarchitecture, since it is identical to that used in Intel Haswell models. Therefore, let's go straight to the practical part of the question. We will get acquainted with the new family of CPUs using the example of a model that belongs to the energy-efficient series with a lower TDP level.

Appearance and technical specification

A test (engineering) copy of a processor without packaging and a cooling system came to our laboratory, so there is no description of these components.

The processor is no different from its predecessors from the Intel Haswell series. The heat distribution cover contains information about its labeling, clock frequency and country of origin. Also here you can see the phrase "INTEL CONFIDENTIAL". In retail samples, it will be replaced by the model name.

Since processors from the Intel Haswell Refresh family are compatible with the Socket LGA1150 platform, the arrangement of the contacts on the rear side fully corresponds to this connector.

Specification:

Marking
CPU socket
Clock frequency (nominal / in turbo mode), MHz
Multiplier (nominal / in turbo mode)
Reference frequency, MHz
The amount of cache memory of the first level L1, KB	4 x 32 (instruction memory) 4 x 32 (data memory)
L2 cache memory, KB
Cache memory of the third level L3, MB
Microarchitecture
	Intel Haswell Refresh
Number of computational cores / threads
Instruction support	MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSSE3, SSE4.1, SSE4.2, EM64T, VT-x, AES, AVX, AVX2, FMA3
Supply voltage, V
Maximum design power (TDP), W
Critical temperature, ° C
Process technology, nm
Technology support	VT-x, VT-d, TXT, TSX, Turbo Boost 2.0
Built-in memory controller
Maximum memory size, GB
Memory types
Maximum frequency, MHz
Number of memory channels
Integrated Intel HD Graphics 4600
Unified shader pipelines
Rasterization modules
Texture blocks
Nominal GPU frequency, MHz
GPU frequency in Turbo Boost mode, MHz
Maximum number of displays supported
Support for instructions and technologies	Shader Model 5.0 Intel Quick Sync Video Intel Clear Video

Looking at the datasheet, we are once again convinced that Intel Haswell Refresh processors are only slightly optimized. Intel versions Haswell. Indeed, before us is actually a complete copy technical characteristics Intel Core i5-4670T models. The only difference is in the frequency formula.

In normal operating mode (Intel Turbo Boost 2.0 technology is disabled), the Intel Core i5-4690T speed is 2500 MHz, with a reference frequency of 100 MHz and a multiplier of "x25". At the time of taking the readings, the voltage across the core was 0.933 V.

If you enable the dynamic boost mode using the proprietary Intel technology Turbo Boost 2.0, the multiplier is increased by as much as 10 points to a value of "x35". At the same time, the clock frequency of the processor increases to 3500 MHz, and the voltage to 1.201 V. Such a large difference in frequency and supply voltage in different modes due to the manufacturer's desire to reduce CPU power consumption when performing non-resource-intensive tasks.

At maximum loads, the processor cores work as follows:

• 1 core - multiplier "x35";
• 2 cores - multiplier "x34";
• 3 cores - multiplier "x32";
• 4 cores - multiplier "x31".

At the same time, the processor frequency itself changes in the range of 3100 - 3500 MHz (the supply voltage, respectively, also falls below the 1.201 V mark), but it spends most of the time at a speed of 3100 - 3200 MHz. Again, this is all done to reduce power consumption and reduce heat dissipation.

In idle mode, the multiplier is reduced to "x8", thereby dropping the frequency to 800 MHz. In this case, the voltage is 0.688 V. It follows from this that in terms of the operation of the energy-saving mechanism, nothing has changed in comparison with the Intel Haswell CPU. The lower threshold for the speed of processor cores is still 800 MHz (with the standard value of the reference frequency).

Intel Core i5-4690T cache is allocated in the same way as 4-core models from the Intel Haswell family:

• cache memory of the first level L1: for each of the 4 cores, 32 KB are allocated for data with 8 associativity channels and 32 KB for instructions also with 8 associativity channels;
• L2 cache memory: 256 KB with 8 associativity channels are allocated for each core;
• L3 cache memory: 6 MB for all cores with 12 associativity channels.

The DDR3 RAM controller works in dual channel mode and is guaranteed to support modules up to 1600 MHz. The maximum memory capacity is 32 GB.

The Intel Core i5-4690T has a video core codenamed Intel HD Graphics 4600. According to the GPU-Z 0.7.8 utility, it uses 20 universal shader pipelines, 4 rasterization units and 8 texture units. The nominal iGPU frequency is 350 MHz, and the dynamic frequency can be increased to 1200 MHz. If the speed of the processor cores in the Intel Core i5-4690T has undergone some optimization compared to the Intel Core i5-4670T, then the characteristics of the iGPU are completely identical, including the frequency formula. From this we can conclude that the performance of the Intel HD Graphics 4600 graphics processor in the Intel Haswell Refresh family remained at the same level.

Testing

During testing we used Processor Test Bench # 2

Motherboards (AMD)	ASUS F1A75-V PRO (AMD A75, Socket FM1, DDR3, ATX), GIGABYTE GA-F2A75-D3H (AMD A75, Socket FM2, DDR3, ATX), ASUS SABERTOOTH 990FX (AMD 990FX, Socket AM3 +, DDR3, ATX)
Motherboards (AMD)	ASUS SABERTOOTH 990FX R2.0 (AMD 990FX, Socket AM3 +, DDR3, ATX), ASRock Fatal1ty FM2A88X + Killer (AMD A88X, Socket FM2 +, DDR3, ATX)
Motherboards (Intel)	ASUS P8Z77-V PRO / THUNDERBOLT (Intel Z77, Socket LGA1155, DDR3, ATX), ASUS P9X79 PRO (Intel X79, Socket LGA2011, DDR3, ATX), ASRock Z87M OC Formula (Intel Z87, Socket LGA1150, DDR3, mATX)
Motherboards (Intel)	ASUS MAXIMUS VIII RANGER (Intel Z170, Socket LGA1151, DDR4, ATX) / ASRock Fatal1ty Z97X Killer (Intel Z97, Socket LGA1150, DDR3, mATX), ASUS RAMPAGE V EXTREME (Intel X99, Socket LGA2011-v3, DDR4, E-ATX )
Coolers	Scythe Mugen 3 (Socket LGA1150 / 1155/1366, AMD Socket AM3 + / FM1 / FM2 / FM2 +), ZALMAN CNPS12X (Socket LGA2011), Noctua NH-U14S (LGA2011-3)
RAM	2 x 4 GB DDR3-2400 TwinMOS TwiSTER 9DHCGN4B-HAWP, 4 x 4 GB DDR4-3000 Kingston HyperX Predator HX430C15PBK4 / 16 (Socket LGA2011-v3)
Video card	AMD Radeon HD 7970 3 GB GDDR5, ASUS GeForce GTX 980 STRIX OC 4 GB GDDR5 (GPU-1178 MHz / RAM-1279 MHz)
HDD	Western Digital Caviar Blue WD10EALX (1 TB, SATA 6 Gb / s, NCQ), Seagate Enterprise Capacity 3.5 HDD v4 (ST6000NM0024, 6 TB, SATA 6 Gb / s)
Power Supply	Seasonic X-660, 660 W, Active PFC, 80 PLUS Gold, 120 mm fan
Operating system	Microsoft Windows 8.1 64-bit

Select what you want to compare Intel Core i5-4690T Turbo Boost ON

During testing, we used motherboard GIGABYTE GA-Z97X-Gaming G1 WIFI-BK based on Intel Z97 Express Chipset.

Before we start comparing the Intel Core i5-4690T with other processors, we would like to say a few words about the impact of Intel Turbo Boost Technology 2.0 on system performance. Deactivation of this function reduces the performance of new items by an average of 17%. For resource-intensive applications, such a difference will definitely affect the speed of their work and will be noticeable, as they say, by eye.

Compared to the similar energy efficient Intel Core i5-3570T from the previous generation, the Intel Core i5-4690T is better. However, the average difference of 10% is hardly significant enough to start thinking about changing the platform.

Despite the fact that the capabilities of the new item are severely limited by energy-efficient technologies, it still outperforms the "top" 4-core AMD APU models from the AMD Kaveri family. The average lag of AMD A10-7700K from Intel Core i5-4690T in 23% is a good confirmation of this. However, it should be borne in mind that in this case we are evaluating only the processor part. If we compare the performance of the integrated graphics cores of both solutions, then the new product from Intel is already far behind with more than a twofold difference in results.

Really real competitors among the "red" for the Intel Core i5-4690T are 6-core and 8-core models from the AMD FX series. For example, AMD FX-8350 outperforms the tested solution by 18% on average. And from the point of view of cost, the advantage will be on the side of AMD FX-8350. However, one should not forget that the Intel Core i5-4690T is a "cold" and energy-efficient solution, and in comparison with it, the AMD FX-8350 model cannot be called a "stove".

Overclocking

Since all Intel Haswell Refresh processors have a locked multiplier, you should not count on special achievements in terms of overclocking. Although you can try to optimize the parameters at the level of the reference frequency.

In our case, we managed to raise it by 3.5 MHz (from 100 to 103.5 MHz), which in turn allowed us to increase the speed of the new product from 3500 to 3620 MHz (an increase of + 3.4%). Further change in the reference frequency led to unstable system operation. Also note that during the experiment the voltage on the processor did not rise, Intel Turbo Boost 2.0 technology was disabled, and the processor multiplier was manually fixed at "x35".

In this configuration, the Intel Core i5-4690T passed the stress test without errors. However, with the included energy-saving technologies, the clock frequency was also "floating", only within the range of 3208 - 3620 MHz. During the experiment, the maximum recorded temperature was 66 ° C (when using a bench cooler).

The optimization of the parameters affected the performance of the computer as follows:

			In nominal mode	Overclocking	Growth, %
		Computation Suite
SiSoft Sandra 2012	Arithmetic	Overall performance, GOPS
		Dhrystone whole, gypsum
		Whetstone double floating point, HFLOPS
	Multimedia	Overall multimedia performance, MPixels / s
		Multimedia whole, MPixels / s
		Multimedia FP32 / FP64 floating point, MPixels / s
		CPU (Single Core), pts
		Fritz Chess Benchmark 4.2, knodes / s
Batman arkham city		DirectX 11 (fps)
Rezident evil 5 benchmark		DirectX 10 Anti-Aliasing x8 (fps)
Mean:

The average performance gain was only 2.28%, which is explained by the rather low overclocking of the processor itself. In real applications, this increase will go unnoticed and will practically not affect the speed of the overwhelming majority of tasks. The only exceptions are synthetic tests, however, to conquer world records in these benchmarks, energy-efficient solutions cannot be called the best choice.

There were also attempts to overclock the integrated graphics core Intel HD Graphics 4600, but they did not lead to anything. When raising the iGPU frequency from the BIOS menu, there was no real change in the video core parameters.

conclusions

Long before the official announcement, it was clear that there was nothing fundamentally new in the family of processors IntelHaswellRefresh will not bring. By and large, they are slightly optimized versions of the CPU from the Intel Haswell generation. Moreover, the increase in the extra 100-200 MHz (depending on the model) practically did not affect the speed of the entire system, as we could see for ourselves by example Intel Core i5-4690T... The average performance difference compared to the previous generation Intel Core i5-3570T (Intel Ivy Bridge) was 10%. The gap between the Intel Core i5-4670T and the new product will be even smaller.

From all this, we can conclude that it makes sense to update the processor on a model from the Intel Haswell Refresh family only if you buy a CPU of a higher class, or if your CPU was released 5 years ago and is simply outdated.

ASUS , GIGABYTE , Scythe , Sea sonic Elecronics and TwinMOS Technologies for provided for test bench equipment.

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When Intel switched to using the Core microarchitecture in its processors in 2006 and introduced new design principles, which received the speaking nickname "tick-tock", it was assumed that fundamentally new processors for personal computers the company will bring to market annually. However, in the future, this plan underwent certain changes: as it turned out, there is no point in such a high intensity of microarchitecture development. AMD has gradually abandoned the high-end processor segment, and this has allowed Intel to make noticeable indulgences in the original schedule without any risk of losing market share. And now, today no one is particularly surprised by the fact that Haswell processors are going to hold out in the role of advanced solutions for personal computers for at least eighteen months, and as the most relevant options for desktops - for almost two years.

However, initially nothing of the kind was supposed. The Broadwell processor microarchitecture was supposed to replace Haswell in the middle of this year, and the life cycle of the fourth generation Core processors would receive quite normal lengths. However, an unpleasant surprise came from the 14nm process technology that must be implemented for the release of Broadwell. Something went wrong, and the production schedule had to be adjusted, postponing the start of the mass production of promising semiconductor crystals by about six months. Now, the announcement of mobile energy-efficient Broadwell options is expected only on the eve of the New Year, and processors based on this design for mainstream computers will not be available until next year. Moreover, the commonly used desktop Broadwell will appear on the market only in May-June 2015.

And although the shift in the schedules of announcements by six months or a year does not threaten Intel with any special troubles, the company considered it necessary to carry out some kind of update of its own platform within the previously set terms - in the middle of this year. This is a kind of curtsey towards leading partners who are given the opportunity to refresh their own product lines. This promotion, codenamed Haswell Refresh, is divided into two parts. Firstly, the actual launch of new processor models with the old microarchitecture, but with increased clock frequencies, and, secondly, the presentation of new sets of system logic of the ninth series.

The official announcement of new processors and chipsets was scheduled for May 11 - and it has already taken place. At first glance, the Haswell Refresh campaign turned out to be very large-scale. Intel has added 42 new processors to Intel's price list, 25 of which target desktop systems of various classes. In addition, the company's offerings include three new sets of logic. However, what lies behind the release of such a significant array of new products in reality - we will try to find out in this review. For him, our laboratory managed to get two senior desktop processors Haswell Refresh, Core i7-4790 and Core i5-4690, as well as a motherboard based on the Z97 logic set, ASUS Z97-Deluxe.

⇡ Processors Haswell Refresh

Strictly speaking, the Haswell Refresh family of processors is nothing special; in fact, we are talking about a simple increase in the clock frequencies of the Haswell processors that are well known to us. The only unusual thing here is that a large group of processors with increased frequencies is brought to the market simultaneously, within the framework of a single announcement. Previously, Intel preferred to raise the frequencies of their CPUs separately, without being tied to one date. The logic of the strategy applied this time is that in the absence of real new products, the company wants to find a reason to attract additional attention to its products.

In other words, all the hype around Haswell Refresh is artificial, it is intentionally generated by Intel itself, trying to create the impression of continuous innovation, even despite the postponement of the Broadwell announcement to a later date. In fact, the release of Haswell Refresh is a completely ordinary update, and the fresh processors differ from the old ones on the market almost Haswell year, only by an increase of funny 100-200 MHz frequency that occurred within the framework of the old heat packs. In fact, we are talking about an insignificant increase in productivity, amounting to about 2-3 percent - and nothing more. Nevertheless, numerous Intel partners will take advantage of the appearance of Haswell Refresh and will undoubtedly offer consumers new models of ready-made systems.

For the sake of fairness, it should be noted that the upgrade of Intel processors was not a reason for their rise in price. Haswell Refresh took up the old positions in the price list, displacing the Haswell from last year. A complete list of new desktop CPUs looks like this:

	Kernels / threads	Clock frequency	Turbo frequency	L3 cache	Graphics	TDP	Price
Celeron G1840	2/2	2.8 GHz	-	2 MB	HD	53 Watt	$42
Celeron G1840T	2/2	2.5 GHz	-	2 MB	HD	35 watts	$42
Celeron G1850	2/2	2.9 GHz	-	2 MB	HD	53 Watt	$52
Pentium G3240	2/2	3.1 GHz	-	3 MB	HD	53 Watt	$64
Pentium G3240T	2/2	2.7 GHz	-	3 MB	HD	35 watts	$64
Pentium G3440	2/2	3.3 GHz	-	3 MB	HD	53 Watt	$75
Pentium G3440T	2/2	2.8 GHz	-	3 MB	HD	35 watts	$75
Pentium G3450	2/2	3.4 GHz	-	3 MB	HD	53 Watt	$86
Core i3-4150	2/4	3.5 GHz	-	3 MB	HD 4400	54 watts	$117
Core i3-4150T	2/4	3.0 GHz	-	3 MB	HD 4400	35 watts	$117
Core i3-4350	2/4	3.6 GHz	-	4 MB	HD 4600	54 watts	$138
Core i3-4350T	2/4	3.1 GHz	-	4 MB	HD 4600	35 watts	$138
Core i3-4360	2/4	3.7 GHz	-	4 MB	HD 4600	54 watts	$149
Core i5-4460	4/4	3.2 GHz	3.4 GHz	6 MB	HD 4600	84 watts	$182
Core i5-4460S	4/4	2.9 GHz	3.4 GHz	6 MB	HD 4600	65 watts	$182
Core i5-4590	4/4	3.3 GHz	3.7 GHz	6 MB	HD 4600	84 watts	$192
Core i5-4590S	4/4	3.0 GHz	3.7 GHz	6 MB	HD 4600	65 watts	$192
Core i5-4590T	4/4	2.0 GHz	3.0 GHz	6 MB	HD 4600	35 watts	$192
Core i5-4690	4/4	3.5 GHz	3.9 GHz	6 MB	HD 4600	84 watts	$213
Core i5-4690S	4/4	3.2 GHz	3.9 GHz	6 MB	HD 4600	65 watts	$213
Core i5-4690T	4/4	2.5 GHz	3.5 GHz	6 MB	HD 4600	45 watts	$213
Core i7-4785T	4/8	2.2 GHz	3.2 GHz	8 MB	HD 4600	35 watts	$303
Core i7-4790	4/8	3.6 GHz	4.0 GHz	8 MB	HD 4600	84 watts	$303
Core i7-4790S	4/8	3.2 GHz	4.0 GHz	8 MB	HD 4600	65 watts	$303
Core i7-4790T	4/8	2.7 GHz	3.9 GHz	8 MB	HD 4600	45 watts	$303

Unfortunately, in the above list you will not find a single overclocking processor with the K index. This means that the Core i7-4770K and Core i5-4670K released a year ago remain unaffected by the Haswell Refresh promotion and remain relevant for now.

The explanation for this fact is quite simple. Enthusiasts, who usually buy processors with an unlocked multiplier, are unlikely to be interested in the insignificant increase in the clock frequency declared in the specifications, especially considering that it can be obtained through elementary overclocking. Processors belonging to the Haswell Refresh family do not carry any other changes. They are based on the same as their predecessors, the semiconductor core of C0 stepping and have absolutely no additional advantages. The increase in frequency that occurred in Haswell Refresh is based only on the maturation of the 22-nm technical process, which was introduced by Intel in 2012. Overclockers need something more.

And this more is in the nearest plans of Intel, it is called Devil's Canyon. This codename refers to the new Haswell K-series, which will be presented in the very near future, but will not appear on the general sale until the fall. Intel takes longer to get ready for these offerings, but it's worth the wait. Devil's Canyon is planning a major change in the processor packaging, which is seriously criticized by Haswell. The heat-conducting material between the processor die and the heat-spreader cover will be replaced with a more efficient one, and the cover itself will be made of a different alloy with better thermal conductivity. In addition, changes will be made to the electrical "harness" of the processor crystal in order to improve the "purity" of supply voltages. As a result, representatives of the Devil’s Canyon series, which will receive the names Core i7-4790K and Core i5-4690K, will become noticeably more overclocked even without performing the scalping procedure. Besides, Devil’s Canyon will noticeably increase the rated clock frequencies. For example, in the case of the Core i7-4790K, they will reach 4 GHz even without the help of turbo mode. True, the calculated heat release will also increase along the way - it will not be 84, but 88 watts.

In the meantime, regular, non-overclocking Core i7-4790 and Core i5-4690 are becoming the older processors for the LGA1150 platform - from those available for sale. These CPUs are completely devoid of any overclocking capabilities and do not allow increasing the operating frequencies above the specified nominal values. Not even a small multiplier increment is available, which was possible in representatives of the Sandy Bridge and Ivy Bridge families. The only Haswell Refresh specs that can be improved by enthusiasts are the memory and GPU frequencies. In other words, the new CPUs are supposed to be operated only in their normal mode. But in the absence of any other options, we tested just such a pair of senior representatives of the Haswell Refresh family.

The detailed characteristics of these models are shown in the following table:

	Core i7-4790	Core i5-4690
Kernels / threads	4/8	4/4
Hyper-Threading Technology	There is	No
Clock frequency	3.6 GHz	3.5 GHz
Maximum turbo frequency	4.0 GHz	3.9 GHz
TDP	84 watts	84 watts
HD Graphics	4600	4600
Graphics core frequency	1200 MHz	1200 MHz
L3 cache	8 MB	6 MB
DDR3 support	1333/1600	1333/1600
VPro / TSX-NI / TXT / VT-d technologies	There is	There is
Instruction set extensions	AVX 2.0	AVX 2.0
Package	LGA 1150	LGA 1150
Price	$303	$213

The Core i7-4790 increases the clock speed of the older line of processors for the LGA1150 platform by 100 MHz, thus overtaking the overclocking Core i7-4770K and the regular Core i7-4771 by one notch. Otherwise, this is a typical Haswell generation Core i7: it has four cores, supports Hyper-Threading, has a spacious 8 MB L3 cache and is compatible with the new AVX2 instructions. The graphics core, like its predecessors, belongs to the GT2 class, that is, it has 20 executive devices. It should be noted that thanks to the Turbo Boost 2.0 technology, the typical operating frequency of the Core i7-4790 is 3.8 GHz.

The supply voltage of our sample under load was 1.225 V, while in the idle state, the frequency dropped to 800 MHz, and the voltage dropped to 0.717 V.

Security technologies including vPro, TXT and VT-d are fully supported by this processor. In other words, the Core i7-4790 is new flagship for LGA1150 platform, but without overclocking capability.

The Core i5-4690 is a simpler processor: unlike the representatives of the flagship series, it does not have Hyper-Threading technology, the L3 cache is reduced by 2 MB and the clock frequency is slightly lower. Nevertheless, the Core i5-4690 was able to take the position of the older model in the Core i5 series: its frequency is 100 MHz higher than that of the Core i5-4670 - it ranges from 3.5 to 3.9 GHz. Thanks to the turbo mode, the most typical frequency of the Core i5-4690 becomes 3.7 GHz - this is only 100 MHz less than the Core i7-4790.

The voltage of the Core i5-4690 under load was 1.195 V, but in the idle state, like its older brother, it slowed down the frequency to 800 MHz, and the voltage to 0.718 V.

The graphics core in the Core i5-4690 is exactly the same as that of the Haswell Refresh processor of the Core i7 series, there are no additional restrictions either in the supported instruction sets or in security technologies.

The new Haswell Refresh processors do not impose any special requirements on motherboards. They are compatible with any LGA1150 platforms, including those that were released a year ago, at the time of the announcement of conventional Haswell processors. But despite this, simultaneously with the release of new processors, Intel released new chipsets for LGA1150 systems - Z97 and H97. They should be discussed separately.

⇡ Chipsets of the ninth series

In general, the story with the announcement of the Z97 and H97 chipsets is about the same as with the Haswell Refresh. These chipsets do not bring any noticeable improvements, and they are not needed to support new processors. The only more or less logical explanation for their appearance is preliminary preparation of the ground for the next generation processors, Broadwell, which are expected to be only partially compatible with the LGA1150 ecosystem.

According to the available information, Broadwell processors impose additional requirements on the power supply system implemented on the motherboard. Therefore, they most likely will not be compatible with LGA1150 boards released last year. The emergence of new and more modern logic kits of the ninth series should give an impetus to the development and release of LGA1150-boards of the second stage, which should already have Brodawell compatibility without any reservations. Therefore, Intel calls compatibility with future CPUs one of the main properties of the Z97 and H97 chipsets: now it is laid down at the level of the reference design of the motherboard power converter. It is not surprising that the first lines of the characteristics of the new chipsets say "support for Intel Core processors of the 4th and 5th generations", while the 8th series chipsets are formally compatible only with Haswell.

There is one more nuance regarding processor support. For some reason, speaking about its Devil's Canyon overclocking chips, Intel points out their performance in motherboards with the Z97 chipset and is silent about compatibility with the Z87. It is quite possible that this is such a marketing trick, but it is still impossible to rule out that the new LGA1150 motherboards will be able in some aspects to work better with the Core i7-4790K and Core i5-4690K than the old ones.

If we close our eyes to the not yet fully understood situation with processor support, then the new chipsets look like a simple evolutionary update of the Z87 and H87. At the same time, the main advantage of the Z97 and H97 lies in the emergence of new opportunities associated with the construction of a disk subsystem. In particular, these chipsets take the first step towards the introduction of promising interfaces for connecting solid-state drives - SATA Express and M.2.

At the same time, the characteristics of the Z97 and H97 are almost the same, the difference between them lies only in their positioning. The Z97 traditionally targets the enthusiast and overclocker by supporting CPU overclocking and multi-GPU configurations. H97 - a more conservative option, which is cheaper, but at the same time does not allow splitting the processor lines PCI Express, does not allow overclocking the processor, but supports the Intel Small Business Advantage administration system.

The main innovation in the ninth series chipsets is the Rapid Storage technology version 13. new version this technology acquires compatibility with drives connected not only via the SATA interface, but also by PCI bus Express. Simply put, this means that Intel's disk driver will now see both AHCI and NVMe PCI Express devices, allowing almost all Rapid Storage Technology functions to be applied to them. For example, you can make them bootable disks, create hybrid configurations based on Smart Response Technology (SRT) with them, and the like. The only limitation is that PCI Express drives cannot be involved in RAID arrays.

As for the actual RAID modes, almost everything remains the same for SATA drives. Chipsets support arrays of levels 0, 1, 10, and 5, while in an array with mirroring of two or four SSDs (level 0), the TRIM command can work for all its members.

Another enhancement in Rapid Storage Technology 13 is support for 16GB RAM configurations in Intel Rapid Start Technology. Recall that this technology allows a memory dump to be saved to an SSD when the system enters a deep sleep state, so that the "waking up" process occurs faster, and during the sleep itself, the system does not require power to maintain the state of the RAM. Previously, this technology was only allowed on systems with 8 GB of memory, but now the limitation has been removed.

Otherwise, no significant innovations are visible. The Z97 and H97, like their predecessors, support up to six SATA 6Gb / s interfaces, up to six USB 3.0 ports, and up to eight PCI Express 2.0 lanes. At the same time, obviously, a pair of PCI Express chipset lines can be used not only for connecting additional controllers or implementing expansion slots, but also for installing one M.2 slot or one SATA Express port on the boards. This means that interfaces for connecting next-generation drives, implemented on the basis of the ninth series of system logic sets, can provide a maximum throughput of about 1 GB / s, which is 67 percent more than the usual SATA 6 Gb / s ports.

However, the implementation scheme for all high-speed ports in the new chipsets remains as unclear as it was before. It again obeys the proprietary Flex IO scheme, but now another unknown has been added to the equation - an M.2 slot or a SATA Express port. The bottom line is that in total, the Z97 and H97 have 18 channels for the implementation of high-speed ports. Four channels are for USB 3.0 ports, four for SATA 6Gb / s ports, and six for PCI Express 2.0 lanes. The remaining four channels do not have a rigidly fixed functionality: two of them can be used for both PCI Express and USB 3.0, and the second pair can play the role of either PCI Express or SATA 6 Gb / s. Therefore, motherboard manufacturers are forced to choose between different configurations when designing their products. For example, if the board has six chipset USB 3.0 and six SATA 6 Gb / s, then the chipset PCI Express 2.0 lines can get a maximum of only six. In addition, there is one more limitation: the total number of PCI Express lanes should not be more than eight.

Now M.2 or SATA Express interfaces are added to the described scheme, which Intel says about the appearance of support in new chipsets. As you know, for the implementation of the M.2 slot relevant to this moment Type M requires one SATA port and at least two PCI Express lanes. The SATA Express interface requires two SATA ports and at least two PCI Express lanes. At first glance, adding such interfaces to a motherboard with a chipset with only eighteen channels for high-speed ports should dramatically deplete its expandability. Fortunately, M.2 and SATA Express never use SATA and PCI Express at the same time. Therefore, Intel decided to give them channels numbered 13 and 14, the ones that can switch their functionality between SATA and PCI Express. Of course, motherboard manufacturers are free to use other SATA ports and PCI Express lines for M.2 and SATA Express, or even resort to the services of external controllers. But support for Rapid Storage Technology 13 for drives connected via the PCI Express bus is possible only if they work through the 13th and 14th channels of the chipset. And this means that the presence of a PCI Express-drive on the motherboard based on the ninth generation chipset, which is connected in accordance with Intel's scheme, reduces the number of working SATA 6 Gb / s ports to four.

Despite the fact that there are not so many new features in the ninth series logic kits, motherboard manufacturers took their announcement with great enthusiasm. All leading brands have completely renewed their LGA1150 motherboards, but most recent motherboards do not offer any fundamentally new features. Nevertheless, 3DNews is monitoring the appearance of really interesting new products - a couple of reviews have already been published, plus we will continue to publish them on our website.

Processor Core i5-4590, the price of a new one on amazon and ebay - 18 092 rubles, which is equal to $ 312. It is marked by the manufacturer as: BX80646I54590.

The number of cores is 4, manufactured using a 22 nm process technology, Haswell architecture.

The base frequency of the Core i5-4590 cores is 3.3 GHz. The maximum frequency with Intel Turbo Boost mode reaches 3.7 GHz. Please note that the Intel Core i5-4590 cooler must cool processors with a TDP of at least 84 W at the nominal frequencies. When overclocked, the requirements increase.

Motherboard for Intel Core i5-4590 must be with FCLGA1150 socket. The power system must be capable of handling processors with a TDP of at least 84 W.

With the integrated Intel® HD Graphics 4600, the computer can work without discrete graphics card because the monitor is connected to the video output on the motherboard.

Price in Russia

Want to buy a cheap Core i5-4590? Check out the list of stores that already sell the processor in your city.

Family

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Intel Core i5-4590 benchmark

The data is obtained from tests of users who have tested their systems both with and without overclocking. Thus, you see the average values ​​corresponding to the processor.

Speed ​​of numeric operations

Different tasks require different CPU strengths. A system with few fast cores is great for gaming, but will outperform a system with a lot of slow cores in a rendering scenario.

We believe that for a budget gaming computer a processor with at least 4 cores / 4 threads is suitable. At the same time, individual games can load it by 100% and slow down, and performing any tasks in the background will lead to a FPS drawdown.

Ideally, the buyer should aim for a minimum of 6/6 or 6/12, but keep in mind that systems with more than 16 threads are currently only applicable for professional tasks.

The data was obtained from tests of users who tested their systems both in overclocking (maximum value in the table) and without (minimum). The typical result is shown in the middle, the color bar indicates the position among all tested systems.

Components

motherboards

• Dell Latitude E6530
• Asrock H170 Pro4
• HP OMEN by HP Laptop
• Gigabyte GA-X150M-PRO ECC-CF
• MSI MS-16P5
• Dell PowerEdge T410
• Sony SVT11215SGW

Video cards

• There is no data

RAM

• There is no data

SSD

• There is no data

We have compiled a list of components that users most often choose when assembling a computer based on the Core i5-4590. Also, with these components, the best test results and stable operation are achieved.

Most popular config: motherboard for Intel Core i5-4590 - Dell Latitude E6530.

Specifications

The main

Manufacturer	Intel
Description Information about the processor taken from the official website of the manufacturer.	Intel® Core ™ i5-4590 Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.70 GHz)
Architecture Microarchitecture generation code name.	Haswell
Release date Month and year when the processor appeared on sale.	12-2014
Model Official name.	i5-4590
Nucleus The number of physical cores.	4
Streams Number of threads. The number of logical processor cores that the operating system sees.	4
Base frequency Guaranteed frequency of all processor cores at maximum load. Performance in single-threaded and multi-threaded applications and games depends on it. It is important to remember that speed and frequency are not directly related. For example, new processor a lower frequency may be faster than the older one at a higher frequency.	3.3 GHz
Turbo frequency Maximum frequency of one processor core in turbo mode. Manufacturers have allowed the processor to independently increase the frequency of one or more cores under heavy load, thereby increasing the operating speed. Strongly affects the speed in games and applications that are demanding on the CPU frequency.	3.7 GHz
L3 cache size The L3 cache works as a buffer between the computer's RAM and the processor's L2 cache. It is used by all cores, the speed of information processing depends on the volume.	6 MB
Instructions	64-bit
Instructions They allow you to speed up calculations, processing and performing certain operations. Also, some games require instructional support.	SSE4.1 / 4.2, AVX 2.0
Technical process Manufacturing process, measured in nanometers. The smaller the technical process, the more perfect the technology, the lower the heat generation and power consumption.	22 nm
Bus frequency The speed of data exchange with the system.	5 GT / s DMI2
Maximum TDP Thermal Design Power is an indicator that determines the maximum heat dissipation. The cooler or water cooling system must be sized equal to or greater. Remember that TDP goes up significantly with overclocking.	84 watts
Cooling system specifications	PCG 2013D

Video core

Integrated graphics core Allows you to use a computer without a discrete graphics card. The monitor is connected to the video output on the motherboard. If earlier the integrated graphics made it possible to simply work at the computer, today it is capable of replacing budget video accelerators and makes it possible to play most games at low settings.	Intel® HD Graphics 4600
GPU base frequency Frequency of operation in 2D mode and in idle mode.	350 MHz
GPU base frequency Frequency of operation in 3D mode under maximum load.	1150 MHz
Intel® Wireless Display (Intel® WiDi) Supports Wireless Display technology, working on the Wi-Fi 802.11n standard. Thanks to it, a monitor or TV equipped with the same technology does not require a cable to connect.	Yes
Supported monitors The maximum number of monitors that can be simultaneously connected to the integrated video core.	3

RAM

Maximum RAM The amount of RAM that can be installed on a motherboard with this processor.	32 GB
Supported RAM type The type of RAM depends on its frequency and timings (performance), availability, price.	DDR3-1333 / 1600, DDR3L-1333/1600 @ 1.5V
RAM channels The multi-channel memory architecture increases the data transfer rate. On desktop platforms, two-channel, three-channel and four-channel modes are available.	2
RAM bandwidth	25.6 GB / s
ECC memory Error-correcting memory support that applies to servers. Usually more expensive than usual and requires more expensive server components. Nevertheless, used server processors, Chinese motherboards and ECC memory strips, which are sold relatively cheaply in China, have become widespread.	No. Or we haven't had time to celebrate the support yet.

Optimal processor for a reasonable price (before the dollar jump), fresh model. Quite cold.

disadvantages

At the moment, a little expensive, as everything else is a crisis! The only drawback is that the percent is sold in a green plastic bag, no protection.

A comment

I bought two times before the price went up, the first was not successful - buying in the evening, when viewed at the receiving counter, for a reason not very good vision did not notice the absence of several attachments on the processor (they were ripped off). At home, having carefully examined through a magnifying glass, I saw everything and in the morning of the next day I was lucky to take it. We looked, photographed, wrote a claim, did not take the percent, they said wait for an answer. After 10 days, a letter came with a refusal to replace. Proving something is not possible. I had to buy again, by the way, the wiring from the second purchased processor and the number of attached microelements differed from the first - the second had fewer of them and was packed in a blister. So be very careful when buying, do not sign any papers until you have properly inspected the product. I hope the review will not be deleted.

115 3

And cold and hot at the same time.
Performance (relative to s775).
Good single threaded performance.

disadvantages

Price due to Intel's monopoly

A comment

Before that, there was E2220 @ 3.3Ghz and the performance gain is colossal for me! So if you have an LGA775 / LGA1156 processor, then feel free to change and get an increase from 40% to a huge 500%, as in my case.

About the temperature and fairy tales about AMD stoves and Intel’s icy silicon, I’ll say this: the nominal value is 84W TPD, but under the boost it reaches 160W - max. 20 seconds and up to 140W - max 5 minutes, while AMD FX-8xxx even under TC (analog boost) everything is within 125W. Well, the processor from this is actually quite hot on cheap coolers, but with DeepCool ICE WIND PRO with min. rpm (I have 460 minutes) is not hotter than 49 degrees, which is very good.

To summarize: if you are a person playing games, then this is the golden mean and will last for 5 years, but here you also need a decent cooler (from 1000r) and good food both from the motherboard and a high-quality PSU.

Complain Did the review help? 22 12

Fast, Cold. Above 40 degrees in the load have not yet seen. (I don't know what kind of problems the guy has from below, maybe a marriage). In games, the increase in fps is very large.

disadvantages

They are not here.

A comment

They brought it the next day after ordering, it's just fine. I ordered it in the evening and pick it up in the morning. Well done.
There was an old 4-core Q6600 (socket 775) standing there. The difference is heaven and earth. I took MSI B85-G41 PC Mate mother and DEEPCOOL GAMMAXX 300 cooler with him. Everything works fine. Take it will not go wrong.

Complain Did the review help? 6 4

Nice and fast processor. In stress tests, the temperature turned out to be slightly lower than that of a similar older processor, which is simply Haswell, not Haswell-Refresh. For the server for which it was bought, the performance was even excessive.

disadvantages

Error in TSX-NI instructions. It turns out that this bug exists in all Intel processors Haswell line (in those models that support them), including server Xeons, and it has been fixed only in the next generation processors. Latest Microcode from Intel - disables these instructions altogether. It was because of this jamb that there were also problems with KVM \ Qemu virtualization (QEMU developers released a patch). The processor was bought precisely in order to try to use the new instructions in software(self-developed + QEMU \ KVM). To be honest, I never expected such a jamb from Intel.

There were also problems when installing the processor on the motherboard Asus board H87i-plus: BIOS update is required to support the processor, and it turned out that the update should be installed ONLY special utility from Windows. When installing an update from a USB flash drive or in any other way, the BIOS will update successfully, show the correct version, but the processor will not work. It is noteworthy that there was not a word about this feature on the Asus website either.