Text file extensions list. Text file formats

Document display scale

Document display modes

The same document in a word processor can be viewed in different modes.

V normal mode only the substantive part of the document is presented without the requisite design elements related to printed pages, such as: headers and footers, footnotes, etc. This mode is convenient in the early stages of document development (text input, editing, reviewing), as well as in all cases when the content of the document has a higher value than the external presentation. In this mode, operations with bulky documents are faster.

V web document mode the screen representation does not match the printed one. It is typical for electronic publications on the WWW. The assigned page settings are ignored and the on-screen formatting is relative. In this mode, electronic publications are developed.

V markup mode The on-screen presentation of the document is fully consistent with the printed one, up to the assigned page parameters. This mode is convenient for most print formatting jobs.

V structure mode only the titles of the document can be displayed. The mode is useful in cases when the development of a document begins with the creation of a content plan. The mode differs in that when it is turned on, an auxiliary Structure panel opens automatically on the toolbar.

The choice of one of the above modes of document presentation is performed using the command buttons located in the lower left corner of the application window, or using the View menu commands.

There are two more document presentation modes available through the File menu, which are used for previewing. For electronic documents use the command File -> Preview Web pages, and for printed pages - File → Preview.

If the font looks too small on the screen, you need to adjust the document display scale using the View → Scale command or use the Scale drop-down list on the Standard toolbar. If the desired scale is not listed, you can enter it directly in the list box.

There are universal formats text files which can be read by most word processors and the original formats that are used by individual word processors. To convert a text file from one format to another use special programs – converters... In word processors, such converters are part of the system.

Some text file formats:

Text Only (.txt) - Most universal format... Saves text without formatting, inserting only paragraph control characters into the text.

Text in format (.rtf) is a universal format that retains all formatting. Text in this format can be read and interpreted by many applications (e.g. previous versions Word)

Word Document (.doc) is the original format of the version of Word being used.

Works Text Document for Windows (.wps) is the original Works Integrated System format. Converting to format Word document possible with a converter, while Works formatting is not completely preserved.

HTML document (.htm, .html) is a format for storing Web pages. Contains control codes (tags) of the hypertext markup language.

Conversion of the format of a text document can be done while saving or opening it. The converters included with the word processor allow you to import and export documents from one application to another.

Any data processed by the computer, including text, is stored on external media only as files. Depending on the nature of the information, each program provides for a certain way of organizing data, i.e. file format... Each format has a specific filename extension: )

§ TXT is the simplest of all known ways to organize data (filename extension - txt). All information in such a file is represented simply by symbols code table... This text file format is also called the "canonical" format.

Note.

The main advantage of a text file is its simplicity and versatility... In fact, it is world standard for the presentation of text information... This format is used in cases where the quality of reproduction of a document on paper does not matter: for storing and printing all kinds of routine information, for exchanging data between people via world networks, for preparing drafts of serious books, etc. In addition, “ canonical"The format has the configuration files of most modern operating systems (including DOS and Windows).

To represent text (symbolic) information in computers, the so-called code table.

Definition. Code table is the internal representation of characters in a computer. V code table to each symbol ( letter, number, service mark) has been assigned a code - decimal number ranging from 0 before 255 (since 1 byte is used to represent one character). Thus, exactly 256 characters can be encoded.

Note.

Code table divided by two halves:

§ The first half contains character codes in the range from 0 to 127. It is accepted throughout the world as a US standard and is called ASCII table (American Standard Code for Information Interchange).

§ The second half - codes from 128 to 255. It is not defined by American standards and is intended to accommodate characters national alphabets(in particular, cyrillic), pseudo-graphic characters some mathematical signs... V different countries, on different models PC, in different operating systems different versions of the second half of the code table can be used (they are called ASCII extensions). Text files that only contain the characters in the first half of the code table are often called ASCII files. 1)

Text information(if it contains characters of the second half of the code table) can be represented most often in two encodings - CP-866 (MS-DOS) and SR-1251 (Windows). 1) For these reasons, if a text file is prepared in the environment MS-DOS(for example using MS-DOS Editor), it cannot be read correctly by means Windows- and vice versa, a file with the extension txt, encoded SR-1251 created, for example, in the text editor Notepad will be misread in MS-DOS.

Note.

Therefore, if, after opening the text file, the user saw on the screen “ abracadabra", This means that such a file was created in a different environment (however, it should be noted that there are tools transcoding (converting) files to translate text from one coding system to another).

In text files, you can also create tables and simple "stylized" drawings. For these purposes are used pseudo-graphic symbols and special placeholders from the second half of the code table. For creating, viewing and modifications (edits) text documents special application programs are used, which are called text editors.

Besides the format TXT The following text file formats are also known:

§ RTF (Rich Text Format)- the format for exchanging documents between word processors (file name extension - rtf). It was developed by Microsoft in 1986. Its main advantage is that its internal organization provides for the transfer of all the basic elements of formatting: font parameters, paragraphs, and so on. This format is recognized by almost everyone text editors and processors.

§ Doc- is one of the most popular formats in Russia at the present time, although, in essence, it is an internal word processor format Microsoft Word(filename extension is doc). Preserves the formatting of the text document completely.

§ HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)- a universal hypertext markup language used in the Internet for developing Web pages (filename extension - htm). This format is used as an alternative format for storing information in word processors.

§ PDF (Portable Document Format)- a portable document format, and it enables any organization working with a large volume of documents to maintain accurate page formatting when exchanging files (file extension - pdf). This document format was conceived to allow you to view fully formatted documents without the need for the application that created them or installing additional fonts. To work with PDF files, you need to install the Adobe Acrobat software package.

The table below lists the different types of documents that can be saved in Word.

File format	Description
Word Document (DOCX).	The default XML document format is Word 2008 for Mac, Word for Mac 2011, Word 2016 for Mac, Word 2007 for Windows, Word 2010 for Windows, Word 2013 for Windows, and Word 2016 for Windows.
Word 97-2004 Document (DOC)	A document format that is compatible with Word 98 through Word 2004 for Mac and Word 97 through Word 2003 for Windows.
Word Template(DOTX).	Saving a document as an XML template from which you can create new documents. Preserves document content and options, including styles, page layout, auto text elements, custom keyboard shortcuts, and menus.
Word 97-2004 Template (DOT)	Saving a document as a template from which you can create new documents. Preserves document content and options, including styles, page layout, auto text elements, custom keyboard shortcuts, and menus. Compatible with Word 97-2003 for Windows and Word 98-2004 for Mac.
RTF format	Exports the content and formatting of a document in a format that can be recognized and read by other applications, including compatible Microsoft programs.
Plain Text (TXT)	Export document content to a text file and save text without formatting. This format should only be selected if the target program is not capable of reading files of other available formats. This format uses an extended set ASCII characters for Mac.
Web page (HTM)	Save a document in a format suitable for viewing on the Internet. HTML is a standard web format that is displayed in both Macintosh and Windows browsers.
	Exports the document to a PDF file that looks the same on both Macintosh and Windows computers.
Word Macro-Enabled Document (DOCM)	An XML document format that allows you to store VBA macro code. VBA macros run in Word 2016 for Mac and Word for Mac 2011, but they don't work in Word 2008.
Word Macro-Enabled Template (DOTM)	Saving a document as an XML template that allows you to store VBA macro code. VBA macros run in Word 2016 for Mac and Word for Mac 2011, but they don't work in Word 2008.
Word XML Document (XML)	Export document content to XML file. Convert all formatting instructions and text to XML format. Compatible with Word 2007 for Windows.
Word 2003 XML Document (XML)	Export document content to XML file. Convert all formatting instructions and text to XML format. Compatible with Word 2003 for Windows.
Single File Web Page (MHT)	Saves a document in a format suitable for viewing on the Internet, creating a single file with all page elements, such as graphics. The Internet MIME standard HTML is used.
Word Document Template (DOC)	Saving a document marked "Template" for the search engine. Opening such a file will open a new untitled document.
Custom Dictionary (DIC)	Saving the content of a document as a dictionary file for storing words and terms that are not in the main dictionary.
Dictionary of Exceptions (DIC)	Saving the contents of the document as a dictionary file for storing preferred spellings of correctly spelled words. Choose this option if you want to store a word like "zero" in the exception dictionary so Word does not mark it as misspelled.
Compatible with Word 4.0-6.0 / 95 (RTF)	This RTF format is compatible with Word 4.0 through Word 6.0 for Mac, and Word 6.0 and Word 95 for Windows.
Office Theme (THMX)	Save the font, color scheme, and background of the file for use as a new theme. To apply a theme from another document to a document, on the tab home In chapter Themes select team Topics overview... To save the changed theme as a new one, in the tab home In chapter Themes select team Save theme.

Text file extensions list. Text file formats

see also