What socket does the intel i5 processor have. LGA1155 Core i5 and i7 processors. Connector for his distinction

Finally, the long-awaited moment for many has come, when you can get acquainted with the performance of Intel processors for the new LGA1155 platform! True, like last year, it fell exactly on the holidays, but nothing - after recovering from the rest, the more interesting it is to go to the store :) By the way, not only the date makes today's event related to the announcement of processors based on the Clarkdale core a year ago. The fact is that the story with LGA1156 is essentially repeating itself - the announcement of new processors will be stretched over several stages. Today we will find out all the details about the quad-core models of the Sandy Bridge architecture, but the more affordable dual-cores will have to wait almost a month and a half. The "popular" Pentium does not make it into the first quarter at all.

But still, one and a half - not four, Pentium will appear much more than one, prices for them are expected to be more humane than for a single processor (well, one and a half) of this family for LGA1156, and Celeron is on the horizon: in a word, the company took into account the experience LGA1156 "extended start" and similar errors, most likely, will not be made. Thus, starting from the second or third quarter of this year, LGA1155 will finally make it possible to abolish the healed LGA775 construct, and by the end of the year it will do away with LGA1156. But for some time, these three platforms will exist in parallel, which, together with the preserved LGA1366 (and it will definitely live until the end of the year), will only increase the confusion on the market. However, these are the harsh realities of the modern market and we can hardly change them in any way. It remains only to carefully study everything and always make the right choice :)

There will be no theoretical part today. The fact is that we already had materials on this topic, and more detailed studies of microarchitecture are not far off. In general, we will not beat the theoreticians off the bread :) Also, for now, let's leave the issue of performance and functionality of the graphics core behind the scenes - this is also a separate and serious topic, to which we will return in the near future for a detailed study. At the moment, the main thing is to study the performance of the processor itself and compare it with competing products from both Intel and AMD. To which we propose and go.

Testbed configuration

CPU	Core i5-2300	Core i5-2400	Core i5-2500 / 2500K	Core i7-2600 / 2600K
Kernel name	Sandy bridge	Sandy bridge	Sandy bridge	Sandy bridge
Prospect technology	32 nm	32 nm	32 nm	32 nm
Core frequency (std / max), GHz	2,8/3,1	3,1/3,4	3,3/3,7	3,4/3,8
	28	31	33	34
Turbo Boost workflow	3-2-2-1	3-2-2-1	4-3-2-1	4-3-2-1
	4/4	4/4	4/4	4/8
L1 cache, I / D, KB	32/32	32/32	32/32	32/32
L2 cache, KB	4 × 256	4 × 256	4 × 256	4 × 256
L3 cache, MiB	6	6	6	8
RAM	2 × DDR3-1333	2 × DDR3-1333	2 × DDR3-1333	2 × DDR3-1333
Graphics core GMA HD	2000	2000	2000/3000	2000/3000
Graphics core frequency (max), MHz	1100	1100	1100	1350
Socket	LGA1155	LGA1155	LGA1155	LGA1155
TDP	95 watts	95 watts	95 watts	95 watts
Price	$275()	$236()	$ 229 () / N / A ()	$ 340 () / N / A ()
Wholesale price at the time of announcement	$177	$184	$205/$216	$294/$317

In the family of processors for LGA1156, two processors of the Core i7 line and only one Core i5 first appeared, but now the ratio is the opposite - one to three. The explanation is simple: the older Core i7-800 are still on the market and have adequate performance, so you shouldn't interfere too much with them. Core i5, on the other hand, is a motley company that includes fast, graphics-free 700-series processors and graphics-rich (due to only two cores) Core i5-600. Intel decided to eliminate this imbalance first of all. Note that now Core i5 is always four cores, and the "old" version "two cores / four threads" is present only in the cheaper Core i3 family. But these processors will come out a little later, since now the Core i3-500 is not so bad either.

What does the technical comparison show? If earlier the Core i5-700 and Core i7-800 differed only in the presence / absence of Hyper-Threading support and frequencies, now the differences have become a little deeper: the i5 also has less cache memory. Moreover, the line is built in an interesting way - the step of the starting clock frequencies is uneven, but at the maximum frequency in the boost mode “everything is as it should”: a hundred in the index is equal to 300 MHz clock frequency. This is a very serious difference, since both Intel and AMD have already taught us that neighboring processors in the line differ only by one multiplier. It is still difficult to say whether the concept will be retained in the future or whether the company will go for the consolidation of rows, therefore we will postpone this issue for the future. In our opinion, "not frequenting" is very useful - there are already too many processors on the market, in which it is too easy to get confused. But there may be certain shifts - otherwise the Core i5-2300 looks a little strange, its price is only slightly lower than that of the 2400, but the clock frequency lag is greater than the difference between the older models. Unless in one-two-thread applications, it is reduced, but they are becoming less and less. Moreover, the presence of background processes, which sometimes require not so little computational resources, also "votes" in favor of multithreading (and some of these background applications have also become multithreaded).

But with the Turbo Boost mode itself somehow ... More was expected. And the maximum gain dropped to 400 MHz (do not forget that one "new" step is equal to 3/4 of the old one), and the dependence on the number of working cores has not gone away, although rumors circulated that now it is possible to increase the frequency of all cores to the maximum. The only significant change is that now processors have the right to overclock "to the last": the boost mode is allowed up to the TDP level (earlier it was turned off at a lower limit), and, if necessary, for a short time, even higher. Thus, a certain increase in performance under heavy load should be observed. What - we'll check.

The main thing for overclocking lovers is that Turbo Boost, in its new incarnation, also supports such a function as "Limited Unlocked Core" - the ability to set multipliers to the "Max Turbo +4" value. That is, in other words, according to Intel's documentation, a completely ordinary Core i7-2500 will be able to operate at 3.9 GHz with all cores loaded, and when only one is loaded, it will even reach 4.1 GHz! The reality turned out to be even more interesting - the Gigabyte motherboard, on which we tested the new family, limited the multipliers, of course, but ... But for 2600, for example, the maximum value (namely 42) could be set for any number of active cores, that is, with a slight movement of the hand, the 3.4 GHz processor turns into a 4.2 GHz model. And we have strong suspicions that other motherboards based on the P67 chipset (with the exception, perhaps, of those made by Intel itself) will behave the same way.

P67-based boards also support "Fully Unlocked Core", which allows using a multiplier up to 57 in any mode. However, this requires a K-series processor. Note that they are interesting not only for overclocking lovers (or maybe not so much for them: as shown above, you can add 700-800 MHz on conventional processors): the K-series uses the HD 3000 series video core, but in the usual models - only only HD 2000, in which half of the executive modules are disabled. Thus, these processors will be extremely useful for fans of integrated graphics, who will use them on motherboards based on the H67 chipset. But on the P67, you won't be able to use the built-in video core (since there is no FDI link in it), but you will be able to “have a good time” during overclocking, as mentioned above. Moreover, when overclocking not only cores, but also memory: despite the fact that the officially supported maximum mode is DDR3-1333, this is true only for the H67. Higher multipliers are available on the P67, which gives memory frequencies up to 2133 MHz. And the TDP level on these boards can be adjusted manually, increasing it during overclocking or, conversely, lowering it to save energy (which was previously only available for extreme processors). In general, developing processors and chipsets for LGA1155, Intel took into account all past experience, putting things in order in their comparative positioning :)

CPU	Core i5-680	Core i5-760	Core i7-880	Core i7-975 Extreme	Core i7-980X Extreme
Kernel name	Clarkdale	Lynnfield	Lynnfield	Bloomfield	Gulftown
Prospect technology	32/45 nm	45 nm	45 nm	45 nm	32 nm
Core frequency (std / max), GHz	3,6/3,87	2,8/3,33	3,06/3,73	3,33/3,6	3,33/3,6
Start multiplication factor	27	21	23	25	25
Turbo Boost workflow	2-1	4-4-1-1	5-4-2-2	2-1-1-1	2-1-1-1-1-1
Number of cores / threads	2/4	4/4	4/8	4/8	6/12
L1 cache, I / D, KB	32/32	32/32	32/32	32/32	32/32
L2 cache, KB	2 × 256	4 × 256	4 × 256	4 × 256	6 × 256
L3 cache, MiB	4	8	8	8	12
UnCore frequency, GHz	2,4	2,13	2,4	2,66	2,66
RAM	2 × DDR3-1333	2 × DDR3-1333	2 × DDR3-1333	3 × DDR3-1066	3 × DDR3-1066
	733	-	-	-	-
Socket	LGA1156	LGA1156	LGA1156	LGA1366	LGA1366
TDP	73 watts	95 watts	95 watts	130 watts	130 watts
Price	N / A ()	N / A ()	N / A ()	N / A ()	N / A ()

As it should be when testing a new processor family, there will be more competitors than test subjects. Especially competitors produced at the same factories. At first glance, the company of Intel processors we selected looks too motley, but the selection logic is simple - the table (from left to right) contains:

1. The fastest processor for LGA1156 among those equipped with a graphics core (by the way, it costs like a Core i7-2600)
2. Fastest previous generation Core i5 (same cranking speed as newer Core i5-2300 and selling price as Core i5-2500)
3. Fastest Core i7 for LGA1156
4. Fastest quad-core x86 processor
5. Generally the fastest x86 processor :)

The last two models, of course, we need mainly out of curiosity - any processor announced today for LGA1155 is not ashamed to lose to them :) However, there are serious suspicions that the Core i7-2600 will not be able to lose to the “extreme” i7-975 Extreme (how no matter how hard he tried), but the comparison with the i7-980X on a wide range of applications is of considerable interest.

CPU	Phenom II X4 970	Phenom II X6 1090T
Kernel name	Deneb	Thuban
Prospect technology	45 nm	45 nm
Core frequency (std / max), GHz	3,5	3,2/3,6
Start multiplication factor	17,5	16
Turbo CORE working scheme	-	3-3-3-0-0-0
Number of cores / threads	4/4	6/6
L1 cache, I / D, KB	64/64	64/64
L2 cache, KB	4 × 512	6 × 512
L3 cache, MiB	6	6
UnCore frequency, GHz	2,0	2,0
RAM	2 × DDR3-1333	2 × DDR3-1333
Graphics core frequency, MHz	-	-
Socket	AM3	AM3
TDP	125 Watt	125 Watt
Price	N / A (0)	N / A (0)

Now let's move on to AMD. Obviously, when the heavy equipment of the "blue" enters the battlefield, the "green" is only guerrilla warfare and ambush operations. In any case, this situation will continue until the Superwaffe, codenamed "Bulldozer", rolls out of the laboratories, but there is a lot of time left until that moment. Today we will not touch the "green partisans" in the form of hordes of various Athlon II, but we will consider a couple of "tank ambushes". The first one will be the Phenom II X4 970, already familiar to our readers - a processor with the maximum guaranteed clock frequency among the quad-cores on the market (Core i7-2600 reaches 3.5 GHz only in boost mode, while others are not capable of that). The second is the Phenom II X6 1090T. The launch of this line in the spring of last year allowed the company to return to the $ 200-300 market segment, as the processors very successfully occupied a niche between the older Core i5 and the younger Core i7 - let's see if they can keep their positions taking into account the renewed product range Intel. To be fair, both the X4 and X6 families are expected to be replenished in the near future (more precisely, the 1100T appeared at the end of last year, and the 975 - now), but since we are talking only about a slight increase in the clock frequency, it is obvious that the qualitative picture is slightly more Phenom II will not change performance than the used ones.

	Motherboard	RAM
LGA1155	Gigabyte P67A-UD5 (P67)
LGA1156	Gigabyte P55A-UD6 (P55)	Kingston KVR1333D3N9K3 / 6G (2 × 1333; 9-9-9-24)
LGA1366	Intel DX58SO (X58)	Kingston KVR1333D3N9K3 / 6G (3 × 1333; 9-9-9-24)
AM3	Gigabyte 890FXA-UD7 (AMD 890FX)	Corsair CM3X2G1600C9DHX (2 × 1333; 7-7-7-20-1T, Unganged Mode)

Testing

The performance testing methodology (list of software used and testing conditions) is described in detail in a separate article. For the sake of convenience, the results on the diagrams are presented as percentages (the result of AMD Athlon II X4 620 in each test is taken as 100%). Detailed results in absolute terms are available as a table in Microsoft Excel format.

3D visualization

The first group of programs - and the first discoveries. As we already know, these tasks do not require a large number of computation threads, so the first place is taken by the speed with which these same threads (in the amount of two or three) are “run” through the processor. That is, in other words, this is exactly the area where architecture optimizations can have the best impact. And they had an effect - already the Core i5-2300 (the youngest and cheapest) overtook all the processors that we tested earlier. Including the extreme Core i7-975, which no one has been able to beat in this test until now. The rest of the representatives of the new architecture, for obvious reasons, are even faster, so they simply have no one to compete with.

3D rendering

It seems to us that Sandy Bridge will say the last word in these tasks when the programs will support the new set of vector AVX instructions. In the meantime, this is "pure" mathematics, and very well parallel, so the more threads of computation - the better: the force breaks the straw. However, the high efficiency of each computation thread is reflected here as well. In particular, the new Core i5 is faster than the old ones with the same number of cores and at a comparable clock frequency by 10 percent (looking at the diagram, do not forget that the i5-760 operates at 2.93 GHz in boost mode, and the i5-2300 operates at only 2.9 GHz). But the transition to a thinner technical process allows the new processors to operate at higher frequencies, as a result of which they can compete with both the old Core i7 and the six-core Phenom II X6. And with the latter - even despite their higher frequency;) However, there are no miracles in the world, so six-core Core i7s are unattainable, but they are much more expensive. Therefore, the second place for the Core i7-2600 is not a defeat, but a brilliant victory.

Scientific and Engineering Computing

Another basically low-threaded group with small multithreaded disseminations, which distinguishes it from the first. But not much - the first two places were taken by processors for LGA1155 (the first was shared by as many as two, which once again shows that the Hyper-Threading technology is still far from “free”), and the “penny” Core i5-2300 was second only to the “multi-ruble” ones. extreme processors of previous families.

Graphic editor

As we have already written more than once, the applications belonging to this group have very different preferences: Adobe Photoshop “loves” a lot of computation threads, while the three “amateur” programs do not need them (and sometimes even interfere). Well, since there are three of them for one, it is not surprising that the dual-core (but high-frequency) Core i5-600 previously demonstrated very good consolidated results. Only extreme sports, where there are a lot of cores, and the frequencies are also rather big, gave more. The "2000 family" suits these programs even better, and in Photoshop its results are very good - here are the new leaders for you. In particular, I was shocked by the Core i7-2600, which in the Adobe software package almost caught up with the much more expensive six-core Core i7-970, and in the three remaining applications it simply has no competitors. The Core i5-2400 in them also showed similar performance to the Core i5-680 (previously the leader), but outperformed it by almost one and a half times in Photoshop, which allowed this inexpensive model to take its place among the former leaders in terms of the totality of results. The Core i5-2500 is, for obvious reasons, faster than them and only lags behind the Core i7-2600. In general, only the youngest Core i5-2300 did not shake the imagination. Although if we recall that its wholesale price is only 177 dollars, and it “did not shake” it against the background of processors by a whole hundred (or even all four - if you remember how much the Core i7-880 costs, to which the “kid” from the new line somewhat closer than to the equal-frequency Core i5-760) dollars are more expensive, this is also just a wonderful result.

Archivers

7-Zip is capable of using as many cores as it finds, all three subtests strongly "love" a large amount of cache memory, and the latter seems to be only interested in it - in general, it's no surprise that the new Core i5s performed not so perfectly here as in the previous groups: only four threads and a cache reduced to 6 MB make themselves felt. But “not perfect” does not mean bad - they easily bypassed all AMD processors and managed to reach about the level of the old Core i7, which cost about a hundred more expensive. But in the new Core i7-2600 there is support for Hyper-Threading and 8 MB of cache, so its only competitor is the extreme Core i7-980X (even the 975 is slower).

Compilation

Visual Studio turned out to be not the most loyal application to new processors, apparently due to the fact that the compilation task was already one of the best optimized ones. However, the Core i5-2300 is not much, but it outperformed the Core i5-760: given the smaller cache memory (which is of considerable importance in this test) in the new product, this deserves a positive assessment. The gain (albeit small) is actually of strategic importance - as we remember, earlier in this program were very good Phenom II X6, located above the Core i5 and older models reaching the lower Core i7. And now? Now with compilation quad core(and "honest" - without any Hyper-Threading) Core i5-2400 copes exactly the same speed as six-core Phenom II X6 1055T (even the youngest in the family, but more expensive)! And the next model with the 1075T index did not go far, only one point beating the Core i5-2500. The older models, as we can see, are still faster than even the new Core i5 and they can already be compared with the old Intel processor at the $ 294 level, but the new one for the same money galloped far ahead, and lags only behind six-core processors Intel itself... Moreover, it cannot be said to be very noticeable - some 10% separates it from the current extreme Core i7-980X.

Java

But SPECjvm surprised me a little, since we are already used to citing this test as a good example of multi-core optimization. However, apparently, its capabilities extend to the area with eight to ten streams, but no more. While processors with different numbers of cores competed, but based on similar architectures, this gave obvious priority to more multi-threaded models, but as soon as we started comparing models with different efficiency per thread ... In general, Core i7-980X is still the fastest, but superiority over the Core i7-2600 has become purely formal. Well, the Core i5-2400 somehow "did not notice" that the Core i7-880 supports twice as many computation threads and has a similar clock frequency, and almost caught up with it :)

Such an increase turned into a complete defeat for AMD processors - previously, the Phenom II X4 970 was faster than all Core i5s, and the Phenom II X6 1090T was ahead of any Core i7-800. Now Phenom II X4 970 slower all Core i5 for LGA1155, and Phenom II X6 1090T lags behind Core i5-2500. And it’s not surprising that with the new Core i7 for LGA1155 six-cores from AMD, in principle, cannot compete in performance.

Internet browsers

Previously, this group of applications was the most loyal to the Phenom II X4, since even the 965 model bypassed all Intel processors. Now, as we can see, even the Core i5-2300 can repeat the results of the former tops, the Core i5-2400 overtakes the Phenom II X4 965 and only slightly falls short of 970, and the 2500 and 2600 are simply the fastest on the market. Without any reservations :) However, as we have said more than once, it makes no sense to attach great importance to the results of these tests on top-end processors from a practical point of view, but from a research point of view, we tick off that perhaps the last group has disappeared. where AMD processors held the lead.

Audio encoding

Another group of applications that, over time, can benefit a lot from the implementation of AVX, but so far only operates with "old" code. In addition, as has been said more than once, the testing conditions are most favorable to processors capable of simultaneously executing a large number of computation threads. Therefore, at first glance, the new Core i5s are not so good here. But if you look closely, it becomes obvious that this is the level of the "old" Core i7 or Phenom II X6, that is, more expensive CPUs. In any case, previously not a single quad-core crystal scored 150 points here, but now three are gaining more at once. Core i7-2600, as expected, takes the honorable second place, lagging only behind the six-core (and twelve-thread) Core i7-980X.

Video encoding

The picture is similar to the previous one. Only now the gap between the 2600 and the 980X has become greater, but it can be done - after all, devices of completely different price classes. The main thing is that the new devices are able to defeat not only direct competitors, but also processors that are one step higher.

Games

Even in this group of applications, stagnation has ended. After which we started to run into not the slowest video card - for example, in Stalker and Resident Evil 5, all new processors showed the same results :) Which, it should be noted, turned out to be much higher than those of all the old ones. In general, the question of finding the best gaming processor, perhaps, should be considered resolved in all cases when you can spend more than $ 150 on a purchase - this is the Core i5-2300. Or, if finances are not so pity, then the Core i5-2400, which is not much more expensive, but "keeps" at the level of the former extreme. Top-end video cards or multi-GPUs remain behind the scenes, but here, it seems to us, the issue of the processor price is not decisive. Moreover, even the Core i7-2600 is not too expensive. And you can also overclock it to 400-800 MHz if you wish ... Or pay just a little extra for 2600K and overclock it even more. Or save a hundred and do the same procedure with the Core i5-2500K :) In general, the question of choice will only be faced by those who need a fast processor for gaming for $ 100 or who, on principle, want to take something very expensive.

Total

There was a time when the older Phenom II X4 models sold for about $ 300, but the appearance of the Core i5-750 "drove" all AMD processors into the "under $ 200" price niche. The company was able to get out of it only with the release of the Phenom II X6. Now, it seems, history repeats itself: already the six-core Phenom II should be sold at prices not exceeding $ 200 - to the delight of some fans, but to the horror of shareholders. (After all, it is obvious that quad-core processors produced according to the 32 nm process technology are cheaper in production than six-core processors by 45 nm, despite the fact that the first have a video core.) then there is still quite a lot of time left.

The other processor family is far more unlucky. Yes, in fact, the Core i5-600 can go to the dustbin of history in its entirety. While it was necessary to make a choice: “four cores or integrated graphics?”, There was something to talk about. However, now the choice is clear - four cores (faster than the older ones) and integrated graphics (faster than the old) simultaneously... The new Core i5s are definitely better than the old ones. It looks a little strange, perhaps, the current pricing policy: 2400 differs from 2300 as much as 300 MHz and only $ 7, and from 2500 - only 200 MHz and as much as $ 20, but this is understandable by the extra charge for the steepness. Moreover, maybe after the release of the new i3 (which will finally write off all processors based on the Clarkdale core) the ladder will be redesigned into 155-177-204, which will be more logical.

If the new i5s are so good, what about the Core i7-2600? An excellent processor, the absolute triumph of which was spoiled only by the extreme Core i7-980X. But even then only in the overall standings - it is easy to see that in half of the test groups even this expensive device can now compete only with the new Core i5, significantly pulling ahead only in a few cases. Yes, this is still the hard part of six-cores in the desktop environment: an extremely small percentage of software can make good use of their potential capabilities. It seems to us that Intel decided very correctly that the time for multi-core processors on the desktop has already come, but “many” still means “four”. For extreme lovers, you can do more, but only if they are willing to pay for it :) And pay regularly - earlier the same 980X competed only with the same extreme models, and now it does not always win against budget models. And the previous extreme loses with a bang everywhere with the usual Core i7-2600. Top-ranked, but the usual... In general, the standard practice for Intel is that the new family of processors is unconditionally better than the old one, and the older models in it are no worse than the old extreme. Moreover, what is gratifying, even fans of overclocking and other optimizations now do not have to prepare another thousand dollars: there are not so expensive Core i5-2500K and i7-2600K. And even more versatile than their K-series predecessors, since they are interesting not only for fully unlocked multipliers, but also for a more powerful graphics core.

Summing up, should the release of the new processors be considered a success? Yes, count. Even despite the changed design, which will once again force upgrade lovers to change boards: the new processors are good enough to tempt even owners of systems with LGA1366 to do this procedure (if only because they change some i7-920 to i7-970 will be more expensive and less interesting than taking i7-2600K on a new board) or LGA1156. Not to mention those who are still clinging to the LGA775 - it's time to finally put any Core 2 Duo to rest, and the Core 2 Quad too. Well, those who buy assembled computers just receive a small gift from the company - for the same money as in December last year, they can buy 20 percent more processor power :)

As part of this review, we will consider the most common at the moment modifications of Socket Intel processor sockets. This renowned manufacturer of computer technology regularly updates its product range. Therefore, almost every two years, a new socket appears, which is incompatible with the previously existing one.

What is a "socket"?

Initially, microprocessors were soldered to the motherboard. But then the leading manufacturers abandoned this layout. It is much more convenient to install a special socket for the CPU on the motherboard. You can then configure your computer properly and select the components that best suit your needs.

A connector for mounting a microprocessor on a motherboard is called Socket in professional computer jargon. Intel, as noted earlier, very often updates its computing platforms. Therefore, it is quite difficult for an unprepared user to understand such a variety. It is the review of these computer platforms that this small material is devoted to.

LGA775. Platform features

The Intel processor socket debuted in the computer technology market in 2004. It replaced it. Its key difference from its predecessor is support for 64-bit computing technology. All pre-existing platforms could process code only in 32-bit format. Initially, this connector was used to install Pentium or Celeron chips in a single or dual-core design based on an architecture codenamed NetBurst. Then this list was supplemented by the first representatives of the Core line based on the new microarchitecture of the same name - these are dual-core 2 Duo and 4-core 2 Quad.

Today this hardware platform is completely outdated. The last semiconductor chips within its framework were released in 2010. Now Intel has completely abandoned support for these computing solutions, since they have an extremely low level of performance, which does not allow such CPUs to process complex program code.

LGA1156 platform. Its features

The LGA1156 platform appeared on the shelves of specialized computer stores in 2009. Within its framework, high-performance Intel i5 and i7 microprocessors appeared for the first time. The segment of entry-level and mid-level solutions was occupied by CPUs of the Pentium and i3 lines, respectively. The budget niche was filled by representatives of the Celeron family. All chips for this socket were three-digit marked and belonged to the first generation of microprocessors, codenamed Core. A similar distribution of computing devices from this eminent manufacturer has survived to this day.

The first important difference between these microprocessors from their predecessors was that they were necessarily equipped with a cache memory system of three levels. At the same time, pre-existing models could boast of only two levels. The manufacturer also included a chipset along with a RAM controller and an integrated graphics core in the chips. Also, the presence of NT technology allowed one computing core to simultaneously process two streams of code. All this together significantly increased the productivity of stationary computers against the background of its predecessors. But at the moment, this computer platform is also outdated.

Connector for his distinction

At the very beginning of 2011, the Intel processor socket successfully debuted on the computer technology market. The nomenclature and models of processors in this case have not changed fundamentally. Only if earlier the marking consisted of three numbers, now it already included four numbers.

The second generation of CPUs based on the Core architecture was designated 2XXX, and the third generation was designated 3XXX. The layout of the chips has also changed insignificantly. Whereas before there were two separate substrates for the computational part and for the integrated graphics, now all the elements were combined on one substrate.

The i7 chips included 4 code processing modules and 8 logical threads. In turn, Intel i5 had only 4 cores. At the same time, the NT technology was not supported by representatives of this line, and they processed the code in all the same 4 streams. What these two CPU lines had in common was that they supported TurboBust technology and could automatically overclock. The rest of the chips could not boast of such an option. Processors of the i3 model were equipped with only two computational modules that could process the program code in 4 threads. The younger modifications of the Celeron and Pentium series chips were equipped with two code processing units.

Socket LGA1150. Its specifications

The next CPU socket debuted in 2013. This Socket Intel was designated LGA1150. It was intended for installing microprocessors for desktop systems based on the 4th and 5th generation Core computing architecture with the designations 4XXX and 5XXX, respectively.

The layout of the computing part of the chips remained unchanged, but the graphics part was radically redesigned, and its performance increased significantly. Also, the fifth generation of computing devices was already produced at 14 nm standards.

The key innovation in this situation was the reduction in energy consumption. This was achieved by reworking the power supply system. The latter circumstance makes it possible to automatically turn off computing elements that are not used during operation and to reduce the power consumption of a PC.

Characteristics of this connector

In 2015, according to the plan of the leading semiconductor giant, a new socket for the CPU - Intel Socket 1151 - appeared on the shelves. It can be used for 6th and 7th generation Core chips. In general, the layout, technical specifications and characteristics of these computing devices repeated their predecessors. Only their frequencies were higher, but the increase was insignificant.

It should also be noted that the 7th generation Pentium microprocessors received support for the NT logical multithreading technology. This increased their performance and put them on a par with the i3 chips. That is, such chips could process information in 4 streams.

The energy efficiency of the chips remained the same, and the technological process did not undergo any significant changes. Also, the integrated graphics card has been upgraded, and its performance has increased.

LGA1151 v.2. Peculiarities

The leading manufacturer of computer technology represented by Intel has made major changes in the framework of the updated platform LGA1151v.2. She debuted at the end of 2017. Physically, this connector is identical to the previously reviewed LGA1151. But only at the software level, the installation of chips of the 6th and 7th generations is prohibited. This Socket of Intel processors is designed to fit 8th generation CPUs. In the future, newer microprocessors can be installed in it, which the semiconductor giant plans to announce in the fall of 2018.

The layout of the chips has undergone significant changes. The i7 flagships were equipped with 6 cores and 12 threads. In this case, Socket LGA1151 v.2 models had six cores and the same number of threads. Allows you to install quad-core i3 modifications. The younger models of microprocessors have not changed.

The technological process remained at the same 14 nm, as well as the level of energy consumption. The clock frequencies of microprocessors have been significantly increased. The flagship in this case could operate at a record high frequency of 5 GHz, but only if the TurboBust mode was activated.

Conclusion

Within the framework of this small review, the main modifications of connectors for Socket Intel chips were considered. This manufacturer regularly updates its computing platforms, and after two years the new computer is hopelessly outdated. Of course, its performance is still at an acceptable level, but there are more advanced new PCs with faster performance.

This approach improves the performance of desktop computers, but it can be easily lost in so many sockets. Especially for an untrained beginner. This review is devoted to the solution of this issue for the most part.

Hello everyone, dear blog guests! Today we will consider the generations of intel processors - a table by year, the release date of each, as well as how to find out what generation of the processor in the computer. It's about Core I7. Pentium and I5 are topics for separate posts.

In this article, you will learn:

Brief description of the series

Core i7 - top-end processors from Intel, occupying flagship and sub-flagship positions. Before the i9, they were the most powerful, second only to the server Xeons. The lineup has been produced for over 10 years and is designed for use in powerful gaming and work computers.

For all this time, 9 generations of this CPU model have been created. Unlike junior models, it is easier to get confused in them, since each line has several sub-series that differ in operating parameters.
Conventionally, these chips can be divided into stock and advanced. The latter have their own "ecosystem" of corresponding motherboards, chipsets and sockets. They belong to the so-called X series. The following designations are also used in the marking:

• K - unlocked multiplier and overclocking support;
• S - reduced power consumption;
• T - very low;
• E - CPU for embedded systems;
• C and R are chips with Iris graphics.

Consider the history and features of all generations of this model

1st generation

The first series of this model went on sale in 2008. Even before the i3 and i5 appeared, this line switched to a new naming. Chips with model numbers 920, 930, 940, 950, 960, 965, 975 were created using the 45 nm process technology. All CPUs had 4 cores, which worked in eight threads.

A new platform with a 1336-pin connector and DDR3 memory modules has been developed for these chips.

After the more convenient socket 1156 appeared in 2009, a series with numbers 860, 860, S 870, 875K and 880 was released. The characteristics did not differ from their predecessors, but the assembly was cheaper due to cheaper motherboards with such a socket.

The controller was simplified, so only two memory channels were supported.
The pinnacle of this generation is the Gulftown CPU. These CPUs received indexes 970, 980, 980X and 990X. They were created using a 32 nm process and were six-core. Supported three-channel memory mode and connected via socket 1366.

2nd generation

The architecture was changed to Snady Bridge and finally switched to 32 nm process technology. In the base series, the 2600, 2600S, 2600K, 2700K processors were released - quad-core, eight-thread, worked with single-channel memory and were mounted in the new 1155 sockets.

A logical continuation was the model for the 2011 platform, which replaced the outdated 1366. This is a CPU with codes 3820, 3930K, 3960X, 3970X. The younger model had 4 cores, the older ones had 6. A new product was a four-channel controller for DDR III memory.

3rd generation

The architecture was Ivy Bridge, a modified version of its predecessor with a 22 nm process technology. Within the line, chips with indexes 3770, 3770S, 3770T, 3770K have been created - quad-core, with support for two DDR3 channels.

An integrated video card was used for the first time. The chips could be mounted on socket 1155.

Within the X series, modifications were released with code numbers 4820K, 4930K and 4960X. Installed in socket 2001 and supported 4 DDR3 channels.

4th generation

A large number of modifications have been created on the Haswell architecture - 4765T, 4770, 4770K, 4770S, 4770T, 4770TE, 4771, 4785T, 4790, 4790T, 4790S, 4790K. They were mounted on boards with the new socket 1150 and had an integrated HD 4600 graphics chip.

5th generation

There was no mass production of this series of processors. The manufacturer mastered the 14 nm technical process on the Broadwell architecture. Only two models have been created: 5775C and 5775R - the same chip with the Iris Pro 6200 graphics accelerator.

Models 6800K, 6850K, 6900K and 6950X were created in the X series. They worked with four-channel DDR 4 memory and were installed in the 2011 slot of the third version.

6th generation

On the 14 nm process technology, the manufacturer released the sixth generation, represented by the 6700, 6700K, 6700T and 6700TE models. These CPUs had four cores, an integrated HD 530 graphics card and were built on the SkyLake architecture.

Dual controller supported DDR3 and DDR4. Mounted on connector 1151.
Three modifications were produced in the top category: 7800X, 7820X, 9800X. They were installed in socket 2066.

7th generation

The modernized Kaby Lake architecture was used, which was produced according to the 14 nm process technology. Released models 7700, 7700T and 7700K. Compatible with 1151 boards. There is only one chip in the X ‑ series - the 7740X, a quad core for the 2066 platform.

8th generation

The eighth generation chips, based on the Coffee Lake architecture, appeared in 2017. The lineup includes 8700, 8700K and 8700T, which had 6 cores each. The socket has been updated to version 1151, support for DDR3 has been removed. The 8086K was released in a limited edition, dedicated to the 40th anniversary of the Intel 8086 CPU.

9th generation

The chips released in 2019 did not receive any cardinal innovations. The same architecture and the same technical process are used. So far, the last model line has two processors: 9700KF and 9700K.
Runs on the same boards as previous generation CPUs. These chips already have eight cores.

When buying a new processor, you can determine which generation it belongs to by this description. No more models were produced, so it's easy to check.

Ninth
i7-9700KF	1151–2	14 nm	2019
i7-9700F			2019
i7-9700K			2018
i7-9800X	2066		2018
Eighth
i7-8086K	1151–2	14 nm	2018
i7-8700K			2017
i7-8700			2017
i7-8700T			2017
Seventh
i7-7820X	2066	14 nm	2017
i7-7800X			2017
i7-7740X			2017
i7-7700K	1151–1		2017
i7-7700			2017
i7-7700T			2017
Sixth
i7-6950X	2011–3	14 nm	2016
i7-6900K			2016
i7-6850K			2016
i7-6800K			2016
i7-6700K	1151–1		2015
i7-6700			2015
i7-6700T			2015
Fifth
i7-5960X	2011–3	22 nm	2014
i7-5930K			2014
i7-5820K			2014
i7-5775C	1150	14 nm	2015
Fourth
i7-4960X	2011	22 nm	2013
i7-4930K			2013
i7-4820K			2013
i7-4790K	1150		2014
i7-4790			2014
i7-4790S			2014
i7-4790T			2014
i7-4785T			2014
i7-4770K			2013
i7-4771			2013
i7-4770			2013
i7-4770R	BGA1364		2013
i7-4770S	1150		2013
i7-4770T			2013
i7-4765T			2013
Third
i7-3970X	2011	32 nm	2012
i7-3960X			2011
i7-3930K			2011
i7-3820			2012
1155	22 nm	2012
		2012
		2012
		2012
Second
i7-2700K	1155	32 nm	2011
i7-2600K			2011
i7-2600			2011
i7-2600S			2011
First
i7-995X	1366	32 nm	2011
i7-990X			2011
i7-980X			2010
i7-980			2011
i7-975E		45 nm	2009
i7-970		32 nm	2010
i7-960		45 nm	2009
i7-965E			2008
i7-950			2009
i7-940			2008
i7-930			2010
i7-920			2008
i7-880	1156		2010
i7-875K			2010
i7-870			2009
i7-870S			2010
i7-860			2009
i7-860S			2010

You may also find useful publications “

To connect the computer processor to the motherboard, special sockets are used - sockets. With each new version, processors received more and more features and functions, so usually each generation used a new socket. This negated compatibility, but it allowed to implement the necessary functionality.

Over the past few years, the situation has changed slightly, and a list of Intel sockets has been formed that are actively used and supported by new processors. In this article, we have compiled the most popular Intel processor sockets 2017 that are still supported.

Before moving on to looking at processor sockets, let's try to understand what they are. A socket is the physical interface that connects the processor to the motherboard. An LGA socket is made up of a series of pins that line up with the plates on the underside of the processor.

New processors usually need a different set of pins, which means a new socket appears. However, in some cases, processors remain compatible with the previous ones. The socket is located on the motherboard and cannot be upgraded without completely replacing the board. This means that upgrading the processor may require a complete reassembly of the computer. Therefore, it is important to know what socket is in use on your system and what you can do with it.

1. LGA 1151

LGA 1151 is Intel's latest socket. It was released in 2015 for the Intel Skylake processor generation. These processors used a 14 nanometer process technology. Since the new Kaby Lake processors haven't changed much, this socket is still relevant. The socket is supported by the following motherboards: H110, B150, Q150, Q170, H170, and Z170. The release of Kaby Lake also brought such boards: B250, Q250, H270, Q270, Z270.

Compared to the previous version LGA 1150, there is support for USB 3.0, DDR4 and DIMM memory modules are optimized, and support for SATA 3.0 is added. DDR3 compatibility has been retained. Of video, DVI, HDMI and DisplayPort are supported by default, and VGA support can be added by manufacturers.

LGA 1151 chips only support GPU overclocking. If you want to overclock the processor or memory, you will have to go for a higher-end chipset. In addition, support for Intel Active Management, Trusted Execution, VT-D and Vpro has been added.

In tests, Skylake processors perform better than Sandy Bridge, and the new Kaby Lake processors are a few percent faster.

Here are the processors currently running on this socket:

SkyLake:

• Pentium - G4400, G4500, G4520;
• Core i3 - 6100, 6100T, 6300, 6300T, 6320;
• Core i5 - 6400, 6500, 6600, 6600K;
• Core i7 - 6700, 6700K.

Kaby Lake:

• Core i7 7700K, 7700, 7700T
• Core i5 7600K, 7600, 7600T, 7500, 7500T, 7400, 7400T;
• Core i3 7350K, 7320, 7300, 7300T, 7100, 7100T, 7101E, 7101TE;
• Pentium: G4620, G4600, G4600T, G4560, G4560T;
• Celeron G3950, G3930, G3930T.

2. LGA 1150

The LGA 1150 socket is designed for the previous 4th generation Intel Haswell processors in 2013. It is also supported by some 5th generation chips. This socket works with the following motherboards: H81, B85, Q85, Q87, H87 and Z87. The first three processors can be considered entry-level devices: they do not support any of Intel's advanced features.

The last two cards add support for SATA Express as well as Thunderbolt technology. Compatible processors:

Broadwell:

• Core i5 - 5675C;
• Core i7 - 5775C;

Haswell Refresh

• Celeron - G1840, G1840T, G1850;
• Pentium - G3240, G3240T, G3250, G3250T, G3258, G3260, G3260T, G3440, G3440T, G3450, G3450T, G3460, G3460T, G3470;
• Core i3 - 4150, 4150T, 4160, 4160T, 4170, 4170T, 4350, 4350T, 4360, 4360T, 4370, 4370T;
• Core i5 - 4460, 4460S, 4460T, 4590, 4590S, 4590T, 4690, 4690K, 4690S, 4690T;
• Core i7 - 4785T, 4790, 4790K, 4790S, 4790T;

• Celeron - G1820, G1820T, G1830;
• Pentium - G3220, G3220T, G3420, G3420T, G3430;
• Core i3 - 4130, 4130T, 4330, 4330T, 4340;
• Core i5 - 4430, 4430S, 4440, 4440S, 4570, 4570, 4570R, 4570S, 4570T, 4670, 4670K, 4670R, 4670S, 4670T;
• Core i7 - 4765T, 4770, 4770K, 4770S, 4770R, 4770T, 4771;

3. LGA 1155

This is the oldest supported socket on the list for Intel processors. It was released in 2011 for the second generation Intel Core. Most processors in the Sandy Bridge architecture run on it.

The LGA 1155 socket has been used for two generations of processors in a row and is also compatible with Ivy Bridge chips. This means that it was possible to upgrade without changing the motherboard, just like now with Kaby Lake.

This socket is supported by twelve motherboards. The older lineup includes the B65, H61, Q67, H67, P67 and Z68. They were all released in conjunction with the release of Sandy Bridge. The launch of Ivy Bridge brought the B75, Q75, Q77, H77, Z75 and Z77. All boards share the same socket, but some features are disabled on budget devices.

Supported processors:

Ivy bridge

• Celeron - G1610, G1610T, G1620, G1620T, G1630;
• Pentium - G2010, G2020, G2020T, G2030, G2030T, G2100T, G2120, G2120T, G2130, G2140;
• Core i3 - 3210, 3220, 3220T, 3225, 3240, 3240T, 3245, 3250, 3250T;
• Core i5 - 3330, 3330S, 3335S, 3340, 3340S, 3450, 3450S, 3470, 3470S, 3470T, 3475S, 3550, 3550P, 3550S, 3570, 3570K, 3570S, 3570T;
• Core i7 - 3770, 3770K, 3770S, 3770T;

Sandy bridge

• Celeron - G440, G460, G465, G470, G530, G530T, G540, G540T, G550, G550T, G555;
• Pentium - G620, G620T, G622, G630, G630T, G632, G640, G640T, G645, G645T, G840, G850, G860, G860T, G870;
• Core i3 - 2100, 2100T, 2102, 2105, 2120, 2120T, 2125, 2130;
• Core i5 - 2300, 2310, 2320, 2380P, 2390T, 2400, 2400S, 2405S, 2450P, 2500, 2500K, 2500S, 2500T, 2550K;
• Core i7 - 2600, 2600K, 2600S, 2700K.

4. LGA 2011

The LGA 2011 socket was released in 2011 after the LGA 1155 as a socket for the high-end Sandy Bridge-E / EP and Ivy Bridge E / EP processors. Designed for 6-core processors and all Xeon processors. For home users, the X79 motherboard will be relevant. All other boards are designed for corporate users and Xeon processors.

In the tests, the Sandy Bridge-E and Ivy Bridge-E processors show pretty good results: the performance is 10-15% higher.

Supported processors:

• Haswell-E Core i7 - 5820K, 5930K, 5960X;
• Ivy Bridge-E Core i7 - 4820K, 4930K, 4960X;
• Sandy Bridge-E Core i7 - 3820, 3930K, 3960X, 3970X.

These were all modern intel processor sockets.

5. LGA 775

It was used to power the Intel Pentium 4, Intel Core 2 Duo, Intel Core 2 Quad and many more processors up to the LGA 1366 release. These systems are outdated and use the old DDR2 memory standard.

6. LGA 1156

The LGA 1156 socket was released for the new processor line in 2008. It was supported by the following motherboards: H55, P55, H57 and Q57. New processor models for this socket have not been released for a long time.

Supported processors:

Westmere (Clarkdale)

• Celeron - G1101;
• Pentium - G6950, G6951, G6960;
• Core i3 - 530, 540, 550, 560;
• Core i5 - 650, 655K, 660, 661, 670, 680.

Nehalem (Lynnfield)

• Core i5 - 750, 750S, 760;
• Core i7 - 860, 860S, 870, 870K, 870S, 875K, 880.

7. LGA 1366

LGA 1366 is the high-end version of 1566. Supported by X58 motherboard. Supported processors:

Westmere (Gulftown)

• Core i7 - 970, 980;
• Core i7 Extreme - 980X, 990X.

Nehalem (Bloomfield)

• Core i7 - 920, 930, 940, 950, 960;
• Core i7 Extreme - 965, 975.

conclusions

In this article, we looked at the generations of Intel sockets that were used in the past and are actively used in modern processors. Some of them are compatible with new models, while others are completely forgotten, but still found in users' computers.

Latest Intel socket 1151, supported by Skylake and KabyLake processors. It can be assumed that the CoffeLake processors, which will be released this summer, will also use this socket. There have been other types of Intel sockets in the past, but these are very rare.

Socket (colloquial - socket) of the central processor is a connector located on the motherboard of the computer, to which the central processor is connected. The processor, before it is installed in the motherboard, must match its socket. It is very easy to understand what a processor socket is, if you remember that the latter is a microcircuit, only of a relatively large size. The socket is located on the motherboard, outwardly it looks like a low rectangular structure with many holes, the number of which corresponds to the legs of the processor. To securely fix the inserted microcircuit in the socket, a special mechanical latch is used. Note that Intel, unlike AMD, has recently been using a different principle of connecting a processor and a motherboard.

Sometimes the forums ask the question of which socket to choose. In fact, first you should choose a processor, and already for it - a board with the appropriate socket. However, there is one important point to keep in mind. Intel is famous for the fact that often each new generation of processors involves the use of a new socket. This can lead to the fact that a recently purchased computer based on a processor from this company will be difficult to upgrade in a few years due to the incompatibility of the installed microprocessor and new ones offered by the market. AMD has a more loyal attitude towards customers: socket changes are slower, and backward compatibility is usually preserved. Although times are changing.

Type of	The purpose	Number of contacts	Year of issue
PIN DIP	8086/8088, 65С02	40	1970
CLCC	Intel 80186, 80286, 80386	68	1980
PLCC	Intel 80186, 80286, 80386	68	1980
Socket 80386	Intel 386	132	1980
Socket 486 / Socket 0	Intel 486	168	1980
Motorola 68030	Motorola 68030, 68LC030	128	1987
Socket 1	Intel 486	169	1989

Type of	The purpose	Number of contacts	Year of issue
Socket 2	Intel 486	238	1989
Motorola 68040	68040	179	1990
Socket 3	Intel 486, 5x86	237	1991
Socket 4	Pentium	273	1993

Type of	The purpose	Number of contacts	Year of issue
Socket 5	Intel 486	238	1994
Socket 463 NexGen	Nx586	463	1994
Motorola 68060	68060, 68l0C60	206	1994
Socket 7	Pentium, AMD K5, K6	321	1995 (Intel), 1998 (AMD)

Type of	The purpose	Number of contacts	Year of issue
Socket 499	DEC EV5 21164	499	1995
Socket 8	Pentium / Pentium 2	387	1955
Socket 587	DEC EV5 21164A	587	1996
Mini-Cartridge	Pentium 2	240	1997
MMC-1 Mobile Module Connector	Pentium 2, Celeron	280	1997
Apple G3 / G4 / G5	G3 / G4 / G5	300	1997
MMC-2 Mobile Module Connector	Pentium 2,3, Celeron	400	1998

Type of	The purpose	Number of contacts	Year of issue
G3 / G4 ZIF	Power PC G3 G4	288	1996
Socket 370	Pentium 3, Celeron, Cyrix, Via C3	370	1999
Socket A / Socket 462	AMD Athlon, Duron, MP, Sempron	462	2000
Socket 423	Pentium 4	423	2000

• Socket 370 - the most common socket for Intel processors. It is with him that the era of Intel processors division into inexpensive Celeron solutions with cut cache begins and Pentium - more expensive full versions of the company's product. The connector was installed on motherboards with a system bus from 60 to 133 MHz, The socket is made in the form of a plastic movable box of a square design, when a processor with 370 contacts was installed, a special plastic lever pressed the processor legs to the connector pins. Supported processors Intel Celeron Coppermine, Intel Celeron Tualatin, Intel Celeron Mendocino, Intel Pentium Tualatin, Intel Pentium Coppermine.The speed characteristics of the installed processors are from 300 to 1400 MHz. Supported 3rd party processors. Produced since 1999.
• Socket 423 - the first connector for Pentium 4 processors. It had a 423-pin grid of legs, was used on the motherboards of personal computers. It existed for less than a year, due to the impossibility of the processor to further increase in frequency, the processor could not pass the frequency of 2 GHz. Replaced by Socket 478. Beginning of production in 2000.

Type of	The purpose	Number of contacts	Year of issue
Socket 478 / Socket N / Socket P	Intel 486	238	1994
Socket 495 / MicroPGA 2	Mobile Celeron / Pentium 3	495	2000
PAC 418	Intel Itanium	418	2001
Socket 603	Intel Xeon	603	2001
PAC 611 / Socket 700 / mPGA 700	Intel Itanium 2, HP8800, 8900	611	2002

• Socket 478 - released in pursuit of a competitor's socket (AMD) Socket A, since the previous processors could not raise the 2 GHz bar, and AMD took the lead in the processor market. The connector supports Intel solutions - Intel Pentium 4, Intel Celeron, Celeron D, Intel Pentium 4 Extreme Edition. Speed ​​characteristics from 1400 MHz to 3.4 GHz. Produced since 2000.

Type of	The purpose	Number of contacts	Year of issue
Socket 604 / S1	Intel 486	238	2002
Socket 754	Athlon 64, Sempron, Turion 64	754	2003
Socket 940	Opteron 2, Athon 64FX	940	2003
Socket 479 / mPGA479M	Pentium M, Celeron M, Via C7-M	479	2003
Socket 478v2 / mPGA478C	Pentium4, Pentium Mobile, Celeron, Core	478	2003

• Socket 754 was developed specifically for the Athlon 64 processor. The release of new processor sockets was associated with the need to replace the Athlon XP processor line, which was based on Socket A. The first processors of AMD K8 platforms were installed in Socket 754 processor sockets measuring 4 x 4 centimeters. This necessity was dictated by the fact that Athlon 64 processors had a new bus and integrated memory controllers. The voltage supplied by this socket was 1.5 volts. Of course, the 754 became an intermediate stage in the development of the Athlon 64. The high cost and initial shortage of these processors did not make this platform very popular. And by the time the availability and cost of components had just returned to normal, AMD presented a new socket - Socket 939. By the way, it was this connector that helped make Athlon 64 a popular and really affordable processor.

Type of	The purpose	Number of contacts	Year of issue
Socket 939	Intel 486	939	2004
LGA 775 / Socket T	Pentium4, Celeron D, Core 2, Xeon	775	2004
Socket 563 / Socket A / Compact	Mobile Athon XP-M	563	2004
Socket M / mPGA478MT	Celeron, Core, Core 2	478	2006
LGA771 / Socket J	Xeon	771	2006

• Socket 775 or Socket T - the first socket for Intel processors without sockets, made in a square form factor with protruding contacts. The processor was installed on protruding contacts, the pressure plate was lowered, and with the help of a lever it was pressed against the contacts. It is still used in many personal computers. Designed to work with virtually all fourth-generation Intel processors - Pentium 4, Pentium 4 Extreme Edition, Celeron D, Pentium Dual-Core, Pentium D, Core 2 Quad, Core 2 Duo and Xeon series processors. Produced since 2004. The speed characteristics of the installed processors are from 1400 MHz to 3800 MHz.

Socket A. This socket is known as Socket 462 and is a socket for processors from Athlon Thunderbird models to Athlon XP / MP 3200+, as well as AMD processors such as Sempron and Duron. The design is made in the form of a ZIF-socket with 453 working contacts (9 contacts are blocked, but, despite this, the number 462 is used in the name). The system bus for Sempron, XP Athlon has frequencies of 133 MHz, 166 MHz and 200 MHz. The mass of coolers for Socket A recommended by AMD should not exceed 300 grams. Using heavier coolers (coolers) can lead to mechanical damage and even damage the processor power system. Supported processors with a frequency of 600 MHz (for example, Duron) and up to 2300 MHz (meaning Athlon XP 3400+, which never went on sale).

• Socket 939 containing 939 contacts of an extremely small diameter, making them quite soft. This is a "simplified" version of the previous Socket 940 commonly found in high-performance computers and servers. The absence of one hole in the socket made it impossible to install more expensive processors into it. This connector was considered very successful for its time, since it combined good capabilities, the presence of two-channel access to memory and a low cost, both of the socket itself and the controller in computer motherboards. These connectors were used for computers with conventional DDR memory. Immediately after the transition to DDR2 memory, they became obsolete and gave way to AM2 connectors. The next step is the invention of new DDR3 memory and new sockets AM2 + and AM3, intended for the next models of AMD's quad-core processors.

Type of	The purpose	Number of contacts	Year of issue
Socket S1	Athon Mobile, Sempron, Turion 64 / X2	638	2006
Socket AM2 / AM2 +	Athon 64 / FX / FX2, Sempron, Phenom	940	2007
Socket F / Socket L / Socket 1207FX	Athon 64FX, Opteron	1207	2006
Socket / LGA 1366	, Xeon	1366	2008
rPGA988A / Socket Q1	Core i3 / i5 / i7, Pentium, Celeron	988	2009

LGA 1366 socket - Completed in 1366 contact form, produced since 2008. Supports Intel processors - Core i7 9xx series, Xeon 35xx to 56xx series, Celeron P1053. WITH speed characteristics from 1600 MHz to 3500 MHz. Core i7 and Xeon (35xx, 36xx, 55xx, 56xx series) with integrated triple channel memory controller and QuickPath connection. Replacing Socket T and Socket J (2008)

• Socket AM2 (Socket M2) developed by AMD for some types of desktop processors (Athlon-LE, Athlon 64, Athlon 64 FX, Athlon 64 X2, Sempron-LE and Sempron, Phenom X4 and Phenom X3, Opteron). It replaced Socket 939 and 754. Despite the fact that Socket M2 has 940 pins, this socket is not compatible with Socket 940, since the older version of Socket 940 cannot support dual-channel DDR2 RAM. The first processors to support Socket AM2 were single-core Orleans (or 64th Athlon) and Manila (Sempron), some dual-core Windsor (for example, Athlon 64, X2 FX) and Brisbane (AthlonX2 and Athlon 64X2). In addition, Socket AM2 includes Socket F for servers and a Socket S1 variant for various mobile computers. Socket AM2 + i It is absolutely identical in appearance to the previous one, the only difference is in the support of processors with Agena and Toliman cores.

Type of	The purpose	Number of contacts	Year of issue
Socket AM3	AMD Phenom, athlon, Sempron	941	2009
Socket G / 989 / rPGA	G1 / G2	989	2009
Socket H1 / LGA1156 / a / b / n	Core i3 / i5 / i7, Pentium, Celeron, Xeon	1156	2009
Socket G34 / LGA 1944	Opteron 6000 Series	1944	2010
Socket C32	Opteron 4000 Series	1207	2010

• LGA 1156 socket - Made using 1156 protruding contacts. Produced since 2009. Designed for modern Intel processors for personal computers. Speed ​​characteristics from 2.1 GHz and higher.

Type of	The purpose	Number of contacts	Year of issue
LGA 1248	Intel Itanium 9300/9600	1248	2010
Socket LS / LGA 1567	Intel Xeon 6500/7500	1567	2010
Socket H2 / LGA 1155	Intel Sandy Bridge, Ivy Bridge	1155	2011
LGA 2011 / Socket R	Intel Core i7, Xeon	2011	2011
Socket G2 / rPGA988B	Intel Core i3 / i5 / i7	988	2011

• LGA 1155 socket or Socket H2 - designed to replace the LGA 1156 socket. Supports the latest Sandy Bridge processor and the future Ivy Bridge. The connector is made in 1155-pin design. Produced since 2011. Speed ​​characteristics up to 20 GB / s.
• Socket R (LGA2011) - Core i7 and Xeon with integrated quad-channel memory controller and dual QuickPath connections. Replacement of Socket B (LGA1366)

Type of	The purpose	Number of contacts	Year of issue
Socket FM1	AMD Liano / Athlon3	905	2011
Socket AM3	AMD Phenom / Athlon / Semron	941	2011
Socket AM3 +	Amd Phenom 2 Athlon 2 / Opteron 3000	942	2011
Socket G2 / rPGA989B	Intel Core i3 / i5 / i7, Celeron	989	2011
Socket FS1	AMD Liano / Trinity / Richard	722	2011

• Socket FM1 is AMD's platform for Llano processors and looks like a tempting proposition for those who love integrated systems.

Socket AM3 is a processor socket for a desktop processor, which is a further development of the Socket AM2 + model. This socket has support for DDR3 memory, as well as higher speeds of the HyperTransport buses. The first processors to use this socket were the Phenom II X3 710-20 and Phenom II X4 models 805, 910 and 810.

Socket AM3 + (Socket 942) is a modification of Socket AM3 designed for processors codenamed “Zambezi” (microarchitecture - Bulldozer). On some socket AM3 motherboards, it will be possible to update the BIOS and use socket AM3 + processors. But when using AM3 + processors on motherboards with AM3, you may not be able to get data from the temperature sensor on the processor. Also, the power saving mode may not work due to the lack of support for fast switching of the core voltage in Socket AM3. Socket AM3 + on motherboards is black, while AM3 is white. The diameter of the holes for the terminals of processors with Socket AM3 + exceeds the diameter of the holes for the terminals of processors with Socket AM3 - 0.51 mm against the previous 0.45 mm.

Type of	The purpose	Number of contacts	Year of issue
LGA 1356 / Socket B2	Intel Sandy Bridge	1356	2012
Socket FM2	AMD Trinity / athlon X2 / X4	904	2012
Socket H3 / LGA 1150	Intel Haswell / Broadwell	1150	2013
Socket G3 / rPGA 946B / 947	Intel Haswell / Broadwell	947	2013
Socket FM2 / FM2b	AMD Kaveri / Godvari	906	2014

• Socket H3 or LGA 1150 is a processor socket for Intel Haswell microarchitecture (and its successor Broadwell), released in 2013. LGA 1150 is designed as a replacement for LGA 1155 (Socket H2). Made using LGA (Land Grid Array) technology. It is a connector with spring-loaded or soft contacts, to which the processor is pressed using a special holder with a grip and a lever. Officially confirmed that LGA 1150 socket will be used with Intel Q85, Q87, H87, Z87, B85 chipsets. The mounting holes for cooling systems on sockets 1150/1155/1156 are completely identical, which means full all-round compatibility and the same order of mounting cooling systems for these sockets.
• Socket B2 (LGA1356) - Core i7 and Xeon with integrated triple channel memory controller and QuickPath connections. Replacement of Socket B (LGA1366)
• FM2 socket - Processor socket for hybrid processors (APU) from AMD with Piledriver core architecture: Trinity and Komodo, as well as the canceled Sepang and Terramar (MCM - multi-chip module). Structurally, it is a ZIF-connector with 904 pins, which is designed to install processors in PGA-type cases. The FM2 connector was introduced in 2012, just one year after the FM1 connector. Although the FM2 socket is an evolution of the FM1 socket, it is not backward compatible with it. Trinity processors have up to 4 cores, Komodo and Sepang server chips up to 10, and Terramar up to 20 cores.

Type of	The purpose	Number of contacts	Year of issue
LGA 2011-3 / LGA 2011 v3	Intel Haswell, haswell-EP	2011	2014
Socket AM1 / FS1b	AMD Athlon / Semron	721	2014
LGA 2011-3	Intel Haswell / Xeon / haswell-EP / ivy Bridge EX	2083	2014
LGA 1151 / Socket H4	Intel Skylake	1151	2015

• LGA 1151 socket - Intel processor socket that supports Skylake architecture processors. The LGA 1151 is designed as a replacement for the LGA 1150 socket (also known as Socket H3). The LGA 1151 has 1151 spring loaded pins for contact with the processor pads. According to rumors and leaked Intel advertising documents, motherboards with this socket will feature support for the DDR4 memory type. All Skylake architecture chipsets support Intel Rapid Storage Technology, Intel Clear Video Technology, and Intel Wireless Display Technology (supported by processor technology). Most motherboards support various video outputs (VGA, DVI, or depending on the model).

Type of	The purpose	Number of contacts	Year of issue
LGA 2066 Socket R4	Intel Skylake-X / Kabylake-X i3 / i5 / i7	2066	2017
Socket TR4	AMD Ryzen Threadripper	4094	2017
Socket AM4	AMD Ryzen 3/5/7	1331	2017

• LGA 2066 (Socket R4) is an Intel processor socket that supports Skylake-X and Kaby Lake-X architecture processors without an integrated graphics core. Designed to replace LGA 2011 / 2011-3 (Socket R / R3) for high-performance desktops based on Basin Falls platform (X299 chipset), while LGA 3647 (Socket P) replaces LGA 2011-1 / 2011- 3 (Socket R2 / R3) on server platforms based on Skylake-EX (Xeon "Purley").
• AM4 (PGA or µOPGA1331) is a socket by AMD for microprocessors with Zen microarchitecture (Ryzen brand) and subsequent ones. The connector is of the PGA (pin grid array) type and has 1331 pins. It will become the first socket of the company with support for the DDR4 memory standard and will be a single connector for both high-performance processors without an integrated video core (currently they use Socket AM3 +), and for inexpensive processors and APUs (previously they used various sockets of the AM / FM series).
• Socket TR4 (Socket Ryzen Threadripper 4, also Socket SP3r2) is a type of socket from AMD for the Ryzen Threadripper family of microprocessors, introduced on August 10, 2017. Physically very close to the server socket AMD Socket SP3, however, it is not compatible with it. Socket TR4 became the first LGA socket for consumer products (previously LGA was used in the server segment, and processors for home computers were produced in FC-PGA package). Uses a complex multi-stage process of mounting a processor into a socket using special retaining frames: an internal one, fixed with latches to the microcircuit case cover, and an external one, fastened with screws to the socket. Journalists note the very large physical size of the socket and socket, calling it the largest format for consumer processors. Due to its size, it requires dedicated cooling systems capable of dissipating up to 180 watts. The socket supports processors of the HEDT (High-End Desktop) segment with 8-16 cores and provides the ability to connect RAM via 4 DDR4 SDRAM channels. 64 PCIexpress Gen 3 lanes (4 are used for the chipset), several 3.1 and SATA lanes pass through the socket

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